1.Age-related cataracts The causes of age-related cataracts are not well understood so far, and it is especially important for the elderly to take care of their eyes in general. Many elderly people’s eyes are still crystal clear and bright, and the changes in the lens only increase in density. The nucleus hardens and there is no lamellar or massive clouding, and vision is in the normal range. Preventive measures may include the following.
Increase nutrition appropriately: eat more fruits and vegetables and other foods that contain more vitamins, prevent ultraviolet radiation, wear UV-protective sunglasses when going out when the sun is strong, and often use some eye medications or oral medications that are beneficial to lens metabolism. Patients with diabetes or other endocrine – metabolic diseases should be treated promptly and controlled early.
Pay attention to the maintenance of the eyes: read and write, watch TV for a proper time control, go outdoors every 1-2 hours, let the eyes rest for a while, do not read in the dark, such as farsightedness, myopia or astigmatism and other refractive errors, should go to the hospital for examination and optometry or to the regular professional eye store, wearing the right eyes to avoid eye fatigue. Do not just go to the stall or irregular optical store, without correct optometry, buy a pair of glasses to wear, which will bring damage to the eyes.
Life and living should be regular: control your emotions and temper, be cheerful, rest and exercise should be reasonably arranged.
Reasonable arrangement of diet: 3 meals a day to ensure adequate nutrition, should eat more food rich in vitamin C and vitamin E, less greasy and over-salty food, avoid smoking and alcohol, avoid overeating.
2.Complicated cataract Prevention lies in actively treating the primary cause of cataract. Actively prevent and treat eye diseases such as iridocyclitis, chorioretinitis, glaucoma, retinal detachment, etc. Once a patient has a complicating cataract, the lens and fundus should be examined regularly for further treatment measures in addition to active treatment of the primary cause. Complicated cataract is more difficult to treat and operate, has more complications, and has a worse prognosis than senile cataract. Therefore, it is more important to prevent the occurrence of concurrent cataracts.
3. Congenital cataracts The main purpose is to make corresponding measures for the causes of congenital cataracts. We know that the causes of congenital cataract are mainly endogenous factors (genetic factors) and exogenous factors (metabolic disorders, toxic factors, etc.). Therefore, to prevent congenital cataract, we should advocate eugenics, avoid inbreeding if there is a family history of cataract, or try not to have children after marriage, and prevent colds and other infectious diseases during pregnancy, especially during the first two months of pregnancy and during the sixth month of pregnancy, keep enough sleep and avoid overwork.