Laparoscopic radical rectal cancer surgery

    Minimally invasive surgery is an inevitable trend in the development of surgery. With the continuous improvement of laparoscopic surgery technology, laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery has been widely carried out all over the world. The advantages of using laparoscopic technology to treat colorectal cancer compared with traditional surgical methods are obvious, mainly in the following aspects: (1) Small trauma, only 4-5 fingertip-sized operating holes are needed in the abdominal wall to complete the whole surgical operation, avoiding the trauma of caesarean operation. (2) The pneumoperitoneum required for the operation enlarges the surgical field of view, so that the blind area of the dissection is completely exposed in the operative field, avoiding damage to the adjacent organs and more thorough clearance of the tumor, which can reduce recurrence. In the past, it was almost impossible to preserve anus for patients with low rectal cancer below 5 cm from the anal verge, which required abdominal stoma for defecation, but laparoscopy can enter the narrow space and remove the tumor and its lining completely, so that the rate of anus preservation for low rectal cancer is greatly improved, which not only reduces the recurrence rate but also improves the survival quality of patients. (3) Intraoperative application of ultrasonic knife and Ligasure to separate and stop bleeding significantly reduces the amount of bleeding. (4) Long-term exposure of the abdominal organs is avoided due to the absence of an open abdomen, which reduces fluid loss and leakage. (5) No incisional complications such as incisional bleeding, infection, dehiscence and incisional hernia due to the absence of open abdomen. (6) Significantly reduce the intestinal adhesions caused by caesarean section. (7) Avoiding patients from coughing for fear of causing wound pain and thus lung infection after caesarean section. The patient’s abdominal wall is less traumatized and can get out of bed earlier, which is conducive to early recovery. At present, I have accumulated rich experience in laparoscopic colorectal surgery, including total colectomy, radical left and right hemicolectomy, sigmoid colectomy and rectal cancer resection (Dixon, Miles). Below is a set of pictures of Miles’ surgery. Wang Ju, Department of General Surgery, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People’s Hospital