This infusion method of insulin pump completely simulates the normal insulin secretion pattern, which overcomes a variety of unsolvable problems that exist with short-acting, medium-acting or long-acting insulin, and enables the best blood glucose control with the least amount of insulin in both type l and type 2 diabetic patients and even in the most difficult to treat brittle diabetic patients. Principle of operation The insulin pump consists of several parts: the electronic information board controlled by a microcomputer, the screw actuator driven by a micro motor, the insulin reservoir, the battery, and the infusion catheter system. The electronic information board stores the clock (the time can be accurate to year, month, day, hour and minute), the basal insulin dose to be output every hour, the insulin dose to be infused at mealtime, the insulin dose remaining in the current reservoir, the basal rate that has been input into the body and will be output, the additional amount that has been infused into the body at mealtime and the additional dose that will be output before mealtime, etc. The electronic information board of the insulin pump also has software such as automatic safety check function, automatic alarm function when insulin infusion is abnormal, and automatic display of battery energy consumption status, which is the center of the insulin pump. The micro motor is the power part of the insulin pump, which pushes the screw type pusher to push the rubber piston behind the drug reservoir microscopically and precisely, and inject insulin into the body accurately. The catheter system is composed of a needle and a special catheter, which connects the insulin pump, the drug reservoir and the human body together. After the needle is inserted into the subcutaneous tissue of the human body, it is fixed to the skin with a transparent adhesive film, and usually the needle is buried on the front and outside of the abdominal wall. Insulin pump is a device for insulin infusion, which is a small precision instrument operated by patients (usually under the guidance of physicians) themselves according to the fluctuation of blood glucose and set up individual basal rate infusion program and additional dose infusion program before eating in the pump, which is automatically infused after opening and used by patients themselves. All of the insulin pumps are not yet able to automatically sense the level of blood glucose in the user’s body and cannot be controlled to normal. Patients must constantly monitor their blood glucose to correct and adjust the insulin dose of the pump so as to normalize the blood glucose level, so the insulin pumps we are currently using are not fully automated “artificial pancreas”. In all treatments of diabetes, there are many ways to achieve good glycemic control, and many clinical observations have found that intensive insulin therapy given by insulin pumps can bring the HbAlc of diabetic patients closest to normal without increasing hypoglycemia. Insulin pump advantages Insulin pump therapy has many unique advantages compared with conventional injection therapy: 1. Better blood glucose control compared with multiple injections a day – statistically, the HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin) of insulin pump users is lower than that of injected patients, and more importantly, their blood glucose fluctuations are small and tend to normal level. 2. Less trouble of hypoglycemia — The basal rate of infusion of short-acting insulin replaces long-acting insulin in the treatment of diabetes, and it is no longer necessary to take meals on time, and meals can be delayed or cancelled without worrying about the occurrence of hypoglycemia. Those who wear the pump have a smoother blood sugar drop, can detect the symptoms of hypoglycemia early, and can minimize the help of others. 3. Freedom of life — you can sleep in, eat when you want, and not eat when you don’t. No one can stick to the same life for a long time, but with insulin pump, you can freely choose the time to eat, exercise and sleep, and even if you work in shifts or even travel across time zones, your blood sugar is easier to control. 4. Accurate insulin infusion — If you want to accurately input 1.7 units of insulin, the insulin pump can do it completely, because the pump’s infusion accuracy can reach 0.05 units. Children and lean adults with diabetes are sensitive to small doses of insulin, and insulin pump therapy is the best choice for them. 5.Convenience – let you forget the tedious and painful of injecting all the time. With an insulin pump, you can simply turn sideways and press a few buttons at any time and any place, and insulin is automatically fed into your body, which is both simple and undignified. 6. No need for injections – Multiple insulin injections a day bring discomfort to patients and may cause atrophy of subcutaneous fat tissue, forming unsightly orange peel-like depressions and localized skin hardening, resulting in unstable insulin absorption. With an insulin pump, you only need to change the infusion line every 2-4 days, just by burying a small hose under the skin, without causing damage to the skin. 7. Easy to adjust – changes the routine of the same life. During the growth and development of children, seasonal sports, pregnancy, menopause, or complications of acute diseases, the body’s insulin needs are always changing. 8.Weight control — Whether you want to gain weight or lose weight, insulin pump allows you to adjust your diet as normal, and at the same time with exercise, so that you can have a healthier body and more proportionate body shape. 9, better control of blood sugar during exercise — long-acting insulin can cause a drop in blood sugar when exercising uncomfortably, with an insulin pump, you will never have this low blood sugar phenomenon again. Adjusting the large pre-meal dose makes blood sugar easier to control during exercise after meals. If you have to exercise for a long time such as gardening activities, long-distance running, etc., you can temporarily adjust the insulin basal rate downward to make blood sugar more stable and easy to control. 10. Novelty – No one can refuse novelty and excitement. In the process of diabetes treatment, insulin pump will bring you passion and enjoyment, giving you a new and fresh feeling (conventional injection therapy simply cannot be achieved). The insulin pump also requires a high level of user, and only well-trained diabetic patients can use the insulin pump safely and effectively to best utilize the function of the insulin pump, achieve the best blood sugar control and gain the greatest freedom of life. Indications for insulin pump therapy: 1. Those who have poor blood glucose control with multiple injections of ordinary insulin. 2.Brittle diabetic patients with high blood glucose fluctuation, hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia occurring daily or every few days, and difficulty in stabilizing blood glucose with multiple subcutaneous injections. 3.Patients who have frequent hypoglycemia but do not perceive it, or patients who have frequent hypoglycemia in the middle of the night. 4.Patients with extremely irregular life, frequent night shifts and special occupations who cannot eat on time 5.Patients who pursue high quality of life and want to have diabetes well controlled so that it does not occur and do not want to control the diet too strictly 6.Patients with female diabetes who are pregnant or planning to be pregnant 7.Patients with persistent hyperglycemia after organ transplantation and those with persistent hyperglycemia after severe trauma for a short period of time 8.Patients with type 2 diabetes who use insulin pump for the first time Short-term treatment is conducive to the preservation of more residual islet function and the self-repair of the islets.