Pediatric congenital heart disease (congenital heart disease) is a heart with local anatomical abnormalities caused by disorders in the formation of the heart and large blood vessels during human embryonic development (within the first 2-3 months of pregnancy) or failure to close channels that should close automatically after birth (which is normal in the fetus). Most of them occur due to abnormal development of the fetal heart as a result of viral infection, radioactive radiation, the effects of certain drugs, lack of nutrition, and certain genetic factors during the first trimester of pregnancy. Except for a few small ventricular septal defects that have a chance of self-healing before the age of 5, the vast majority require surgical treatment. The main clinical manifestations are cardiac insufficiency, cyanosis and dysplasia. The following are some general knowledge about precardiac disease for parents: 1. Early detection and treatment With the development of medical science and the increasing update of the concept of precardiac disease, many precardiac diseases can be treated with early surgery. Therefore, early detection of suspicious symptoms is the key, so that timely examination, clear diagnosis and necessary measures can be taken. The following symptoms should be noted: 1. low crying and hoarseness of the baby’s voice. 2. Shortness of breath and weakness in breastfeeding. 3.Small appetite, poor growth and development. 4. Pale face, restlessness, excessive sweating, purple lips after strenuous activity or crying. 5, weak resistance, easy to catch colds, bronchitis and pneumonia and other diseases, and not easy to recover after the disease. In recent years, domestic diagnostic and surgical techniques for congenital heart disease have developed rapidly, and the success rate of surgical correction of most pediatric congenital heart diseases has reached over 95%. The pediatric cardiac surgery center of Fu Wai Hospital has always been the absolute leader in China. However, some children have delayed seeking medical treatment due to parental negligence, making the condition advanced, or losing the opportunity for surgery, or complicating cardiopulmonary insufficiency, which increases the risk of surgery. For this reason, we remind parents to: (1) Take their children to the hospital as early as possible for examination to clarify the nature and degree of heart malformation and to determine the appropriate age for surgery, so as not to delay the condition with the idea of “waiting until they are older”. (2) Children with heart murmurs but no symptoms should not be neglected and should be examined regularly, including chest X-ray, electrocardiogram and echocardiogram, to understand the cardiopulmonary load. Consider surgery if necessary to prevent complications such as endocarditis. (3) For children who need to wait for surgery due to age or other factors, care should be taken to prevent colds, develop brushing habits, and maintain oral hygiene. Tooth decay and tonsillitis should be actively treated when found. If there is a long-term fever that does not subside, go to the hospital as early as possible and avoid strenuous physical activities so as not to increase the burden on the heart and lungs. The first thing you need to do is to make sure that you have a good idea of what you are doing. The older children should have a regular life, strictly prohibit running and jumping and strenuous exercise, so as not to increase the burden on the heart. At the same time to ensure adequate sleep. 2. Children with cardiac insufficiency tend to sweat a lot, so they need to keep their skin clean, bathe regularly in summer, rub themselves with hot towels in winter (pay attention to keeping warm), and change their clothes and pants regularly. Feed more water to ensure adequate hydration. 3. Children with congenital heart disease should eat less and more meals, need to ensure sufficient protein and vitamin intake, and give a diet as diverse and easy to digest as possible. Some infants with congenital heart disease are difficult to feed, and they are often prone to shortness of breath when sucking and stop sucking, and they are prone to vomiting and sweating a lot, so a dropper can be used when feeding to reduce the physical exertion of the child. 4. Keep the stool smooth, if the stool is dry and difficult to defecate, excessive force will increase the abdominal pressure and increase the burden on the heart, which may even have serious consequences. If there is no stool for 2~3 days, you can use open cork to pass stool. 5, congenital heart disease children are weak, prone to infectious diseases, especially respiratory diseases are common. Therefore, keep the air circulating in the room and avoid staying in crowded public places as much as possible to reduce the chance of respiratory infections. You should add and remove clothes in time with the warm weather and pay close attention to the prevention of colds. Once the child has an infection, the infection should be actively controlled. 6, regular follow-up visits to the hospital outpatient clinic, strictly follow the doctor’s orders to take medication, especially cardiac, diuretic drugs, due to their pharmacological properties, must be absolutely controlled dose, on time, according to the course of treatment to ensure the effectiveness. 7.For children with precordial disease treated by surgery, care should be strengthened within 3 months after surgery. Pay attention to diet and nutrition, balanced intake and output; keep warm and prevent from catching cold. Reassure and encourage older children to prevent the burden of thought; at the same time, pay attention to the sleep and rest of the child, so that they can successfully pass the post-operative recovery period.