The skull is one of the hardest bone tissues in the body and plays a very important role. It is the direct protective barrier for the brain, the body’s commander, so if a cranial defect occurs, the brain is directly exposed to danger and requires prompt cranial repair surgery. Cranial defect is not an uncommon disorder, and it can be caused by various risk factors in life, such as traffic accidents, fights, production safety accidents, craniosurgery, etc. Moreover, there is no obvious geographical limitation for this disorder, and there is a huge patient population in all places. Cranial repair is a routine procedure in neurosurgery and can be performed in large general hospitals. However, the repair effect has a great relationship with the material of cranial bone repair. Currently, many hospitals use titanium mesh material, which has some limitations and disadvantages for the repair effect and postoperative recovery. For example, the heat insulation of titanium mesh is not good, which will cause the patient to be sensitive to hot and cold reactions after surgery; the histocompatibility of titanium mesh is not good, which may cause rejection; the metal material of titanium mesh will also interfere with the postoperative medical examination such as CT and MRI. At present, there is a polyetheretherketone PEEK material can well overcome the above-mentioned various problems and achieve better restorative results. However, this material is not popular, and only a few hospitals are using it. This PEEK material has excellent mechanical properties and may provide good protection; it is histocompatible and does not produce rejection reactions. In addition this material is comparable to autologous cranial bone in terms of elasticity, strength, stability, radiolucency, and thermal insulation, making it an excellent cranial bone replacement material.