Dr. Billroth (1829-1894) predicted that “if tissue as dense and rigid as tendons could be artificially produced, the problem of hernia cure would be solved.” It was this thought that inspired the development of synthetic materials, many of which can lead to serious complications such as rejection and infection. It was not until the 1950s that it was demonstrated that polypropylene patches had few serious complications and that these materials largely met the criteria set out by Billroth, and in 1984, American doctors such as Drs. Lichtenstein and Ahmed coined the concept of the “tension-free hernia repair”. The use of flat piece repair instead of tissue suture greatly reduces pain and recurrence rate. It is internationally recognized as the second milestone in hernia repair. Dr. Amid, the chairman of the American Hernia Surgery Department, who represents the highest level of hernia surgical treatment today, has visited the Hernia Surgery Department of Tianjin People’s Hospital twice to teach this technique.