In recent years, as the standard of living of the general public has improved and the diet has changed, diabetes has become well known as a “disease of affluence”. However, it is not widely known that diabetes can cause blinding eye disease. Due to the greatly increased incidence of diabetes, ophthalmologists have warned that diabetic retinopathy, a microvascular complication caused by diabetes, has become the second leading cause of visual impairment and blindness worldwide. Case Study: Sugar addict’s vision got better once, but suddenly went blind two years later At a reunion of old classmates, I learned during casual conversation that a classmate who was a president had diabetes, and I suggested that he should control his diet and hurry up the treatment, but he said proudly, ‘It’s okay, I can eat and sleep now. At that time, he seriously told the old classmate, “This is never a good sign.” But the old classmate didn’t think so. Two years later, this old classmate called to say he suddenly blind. Huang Zhongwei helped him do an examination and found that he had a large amount of blood in one eye vitreous, and the other eye was macular edema hemorrhage, and he regretted that he had not listened to the advice. It is generally believed that if a diabetic patient’s blood sugar is not effectively controlled, he or she will most likely develop glucose reticulosis after five years. Glucose retinopathy is a microvascular complication caused by diabetes, and it has become the second leading contributor to visual impairment and blindness worldwide. The formation of glucose retinopathy is due to the erosion of the walls of the retinal vessels as a result of long-term hyperglycemia, with the development of small intraretinal hemorrhages, exudates, microangiomas, and neovascularization. In the advanced stage of the disease, neovascular rupture and bleeding may occur, or cause retinal detachment and neovascular glaucoma, which may lead to serious vision loss or even blindness. Reminder Diabetes quietly “offends the eye” regular review is very important Early diabetic patients most vision has not changed, often ignored by patients. Many diabetics only judge whether there is a problem with their eyes based on their vision. This is one-sided and dangerous. The glucose retinal disease that comes with diabetes is like a “sinister demon” that quietly invades the eye. The retina is divided into the posterior macula and the periphery. If the macula has not yet been invaded and there is no bleeding or exudation, the patient may not be able to detect it, but at this time the peripheral retina may have already developed damage and is slowly or rapidly progressing to the posterior macula. Since the “invasion” of diabetes is quiet, most people cannot confirm when the onset of diabetes occurs. Therefore, Huang Zhongwei recommends that once a patient is diagnosed with diabetes, regardless of whether there are visual changes, it is best to go to a specialized hospital for a detailed examination as soon as possible to fully assess the extent of the lesion and the functional status of the retina, including visual acuity, intraocular pressure, atrial angle, lens, iris, vitreous humor, and the retina, The lens, iris, vitreous and retina. OCT, visual electrophysiology, and fundus angiography can be performed when available. Fundus angiography can help to understand the extent of retinal microangiomas and neovascularization, and has the advantage of detecting microscopic lesions of the glycoconjunctivitis more quickly and accurately. If the vitreous is cloudy and the fundus cannot be seen clearly, ultrasound and visual electrophysiological examinations are performed to assist in determining retinal function and morphology. If a glucose patient has an eye exam that shows normal results, it is also best to have regular follow-up exams every three to six months. If you are unfortunate enough to have developed glucose retinal disease, it is important to control the development of glucose retinal disease on top of effective treatment of diabetes. In addition, the ophthalmic complications caused by diabetes include cataracts, optic neuropathy and ocular myopathy in addition to glucose retinopathy. Early detection and early intervention through eye examinations can help, and it is important not to wait until vision loss and retinopathy have worsened before seeking medical attention. Treatment The treatment is divided into simple and proliferative stages There is no cure for diabetes at the present level of medicine, and it is impossible to cure glucose retinopathy. The development of glucose retinopathy does not stop when blood glucose is controlled, but it is possible to control glucose retinopathy and prevent blindness with targeted active ophthalmic treatment based on strict control of blood glucose. Glucose reticulosis can be divided into simple and proliferative stages according to the severity of the disease, and different treatments are used in different periods. In the early stages of the disease, whole retina laser photocoagulation can be performed. In severe cases with vitreous hemorrhage and retinal detachment, vitrectomy must be performed in combination with complex retinal repair surgery to restore some of the vision. With the continuous improvement and refinement of laser and surgical treatment methods and equipment, many patients with advanced glycosuria originally considered incurable can still recover some of their vision. However, he emphasized that there is no “one-and-done” treatment, whether it is laser, vitrectomy, intraocular drug injections or internal medication. Therefore, patients should have an early eye examination and evaluation as soon as they are diagnosed with diabetes to consciously try to avoid the occurrence of glucose retinopathy.