Bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve exploration is to isolate the recurrent laryngeal nerve while performing thyroidectomy, and its purpose is to avoid intraoperative damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve. During thyroid surgery, as the anatomical part of the recurrent laryngeal nerve is close to the thyroid gland, it is easy to be damaged during surgery, resulting in symptoms such as hoarseness, coughing and even dyspnea. In order to avoid damaging the recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroidectomy, the recurrent laryngeal nerve should be found and isolated, so that the incision can be closed after the operation to make sure that the recurrent laryngeal nerve is intact. The recurrent laryngeal nerve is a very important nerve in the larynx, one on each side, and its main function is to innervate the rest of the laryngeal muscles except the cricothyroid muscle. Injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve can cause hoarseness, and the symptoms may gradually decrease after unilateral injury, but if the injury is bilateral, the symptoms are irreversible, and some patients may have difficulty breathing. Bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve exploration should be performed by a specialized physician.