The perioperative period refers to the period of time before, during and after a patient’s surgery. It is approximately the period starting from 5-7 days before surgery to 7-12 days after surgery, and is a whole process surrounding the surgery, starting from the patient’s decision to undergo surgical treatment to the surgical treatment until the patient’s basic recovery after surgery. The patient’s disease requires surgical treatment, but surgery can also lead to complications and sequelae. Any surgery can cause psychological and physiological burdens to the patient, so the perioperative period, preoperatively, aims to prepare the psychological aspects and physiological aspects for the surgical patient, so that the patient can receive surgical treatment in a relatively optimal condition and increase the tolerance of the surgery. Postoperative management aims to prevent and reduce surgical complications to promote early recovery of the operated patient.