Vertebral wedge deformity is a compression of the anterior aspect of the vertebral body, which can be caused by trauma or severe osteoporosis. Severe wedge deformation or multiple segmental wedge deformation may also produce posterior spinal deformity, sometimes compressing the spinal nerves and causing neurological symptoms such as limb dysfunction, abnormal limb sensation, and even pathological reflexes, which can seriously affect the patient’s daily life, work, and sports. Therefore, it is important to identify the cause of wedge deformity of the vertebrae as soon as possible, and promptly use conservative treatment or surgery to improve the condition and prevent serious complications from occurring.