1. Definition and characteristics of stroke. Stroke (stroke) refers to acute cerebrovascular disease, which is an acute or focal brain dysfunction caused by various vascular causes (including hemorrhage and ischemia) that lasts for more than 24 hours. It usually refers to a group of diseases including cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke is characterized by high morbidity, high mortality, high disability, high recurrence rate and high economic burden. 2. The harm of stroke. According to the third national retrospective survey on causes of death in 2004-2005, cerebrovascular disease has become the first cause of death in China. According to a large sample of epidemiological survey studies conducted nationwide in recent years, it is estimated that there are more than 10 million patients surviving stroke in China, of whom nearly 50% are under 65 years of age who had their first stroke. About three-quarters of the survivors are left with sequelae such as hemiplegia of varying degrees, and some patients lose their ability to work and live. The situation of stroke prevention and control in China is very serious, which brings a huge burden to the country and the general public. 3. Stroke causative factors and prevention and control points. The risk factors of stroke include hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation, unhealthy lifestyle (alcoholism, smoking, lack of sleep, lack of exercise, etc.). In addition, cardiogenic cerebral infarction, migraine, oral contraceptives, cerebral arteritis, and hereditary cerebrovascular disease are also risk factors for stroke. Prevention and control measures should mainly target hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation, and unhealthy lifestyles for active intervention. Among them, correcting unhealthy lifestyle, active treatment and controlling risk factors are the keys to keep away from stroke. 4. Stroke characteristics of middle-aged people. As middle-aged people are the backbone of the society and bear the burden of the unit and family, it is important to understand their stroke risk characteristics and carry out targeted stroke prevention and treatment for the whole population. The main risk factors for stroke in middle-aged people are: (1) hypertension and hyperlipidemia: poorly controlled hypertension is common in young and middle-aged people. Blood lipids are mainly elevated triglycerides, and young people are more sensitive to elevated triglycerides, and a slight change in blood concentration can accelerate the development of atherosclerosis. (2) diabetes: China’s diabetes is significantly increasing trend of the younger age, with the national standard of living, the increase in the number of meals out, high sugar, high-fat diet, exercise, etc. are the main reasons for the high incidence of middle-aged diabetics. (3) excessive alcohol consumption: alcohol can act directly on the cerebrovascular smooth muscle causing vasospasm, but also through the increase in platelets can lead to poor regulation of cerebral blood flow, arrhythmia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, which can increase the occurrence of cerebrovascular disease. (4) smoking: there are over-reactive endothelial cells in the arteries, carbon monoxide in smoke can make this cell myosin contraction, vascular permeability increases, accelerating atherosclerosis, increasing the risk of stroke. (5) Poor diet and lifestyle: Studies have shown that diet and behavior are closely related to stroke in young and middle-aged people, and frequent eating out and obesity are risk factors for cerebral infarction in young and middle-aged people. With the continuous improvement of our national living standard, unhealthy lifestyles such as high sugar and high fat diet, alcoholism, smoking, lack of sleep, and sedentary lack of exercise are common among the masses, especially among middle-aged people, which are important causes for the increase of stroke patients. 5. Stroke prevention and control knowledge. For the prevention and control of risk factors, especially the individualization of stroke prevention and control measures, to achieve a combination of common and individual measures to achieve the best prevention and control effect. Specific measures include: active treatment and control of hypertension; strengthening the treatment of diabetes, heart disease and blood system diseases; strengthening physical exercise; reasonable diet, moderate intake of animal protein, such as lean meat, fish, poultry, etc.; reducing salt intake to less than 6 grams per day; increasing fresh vegetables and fruits to improve potassium intake; promoting smoking cessation, weight control, and elimination of poor lifestyle. Young people can effectively prevent stroke by avoiding the above factors.