1.What are the climatic characteristics after the small cold? Little cold is the twenty-third of the twenty-four solar terms in order, and is also a festival in the waxing moon to welcome spring. Little cold is characterized by: the day gradually cold, not yet very cold. However, from the climate records over the years, the small cold is colder than the big cold, can be said to be the coldest of the twenty-four festivals. At the same time, it is just before and after the “three ninth”, as the saying goes, “cold in the three ninth”. This is because at the last winter solstice, the surface of the earth gets the least amount of light and heat from the sun, but there is still heat from the deep layers of the soil, so it is not the coldest time of the year. After the winter solstice, also to the “three ninth” around, the deep layer of soil heat is also depleted, although the sun’s light and heat slightly increased, still not enough, so there will be the lowest temperature of the year, in this season, most areas of China has entered a period of severe cold, the soil freezes, rivers frozen, coupled with the cold air from the north constantly south. The weather is cold, people are called “nine cold days”. In the south, although not as cold and bitter as the north, but the temperature also dropped significantly. The coldest time in the south is between the small cold and the rain and stinging periods. The small cold is dry and cold, and after the rain is wet and cold. 2.What are the principles of health care? The general principle of health care: “Nourish Yin in autumn and winter” (Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine). The key is to nourish the kidneys and prevent cold. Embodied in: (1) the principle of spiritual health method is: serenity-based, protect the essence and nourish the spirit. (2) living and nourishing: early to bed and late to rise. (3) the principle of drug health care method is to warm the kidneys to help Yang. (4) the principle of dietary health care method is to eat more warm, mixed with meat. (5) the principle of exercise health care method is to exercise moderately, to prevent cold. Although the small cold health care includes a lot of content, but the basic principle is still the maxim in the Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine: “Spring and summer nourish Yang, autumn and winter nourish Yin.” In winter, all things are collected, health should be in line with the natural collection of the momentum, collection of Yin essence, so that the essence of the internal gathering, in order to moisten the five organs, because winter corresponds to the human kidney, the winter season, the kidney function is strong, it can regulate the body to adapt to the changes of the harsh winter. Therefore, it is very important to “nourish the kidneys” for winter health. At the same time, cold is the main gas of winter, and small cold is the coldest season of the year. The cold is a yin evil, easy to hurt the body’s yang, cold main collection lead to stagnation, easy to cause cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, slow branch, arthritis and other diseases, so the key to small cold health is to prevent cold. 1, nourish the kidney There is a folk proverb “three nine to make up a winter, the next year no disease pain”, people after the spring wet, summer heat nearly a year of consumption, the internal organs of the yin and Yang Qi and blood will be biased decline, a reasonable supplement can be timely replenishment of Qi and blood fluids, to resist the cold attack, but also to make the next year less sick, to achieve the purpose of health care with half the effort. According to traditional Chinese medicine theory, it is advisable to warm up the kidneys in winter. But although this is the best time to “tonic”, but tonic is not to eat a lot of tonic can be, must be targeted, to do individualized tonic, Yang deficiency to supplement Yang, Yin deficiency to supplement Yin. That’s why we have the habit of eating poultices in the south of the Yangtze River, which comes from this. (1), kidney yang is mainly for Yang deficiency: such as fear of cold, fear of cold hands and feet, sweating after moving, mental fatigue, legal power, women’s uterine prolapse, etc., it is appropriate to use red ginseng, slices of samphire, cinnamon, red dates, Atractylodes, Astragalus, Chinese yam and Wu Wei Zi. (2), nourishing kidney yin for yin deficiency physique: such as lumbar soreness and knee weakness, night sweating, low fever in the afternoon, flushing of cheeks, heat in the heart of hands and feet, increased leucorrhea in women and other signs, it is appropriate to use dogwood, wolfberry, Cordyceps sinensis, American ginseng, sage, asparagus, turtle shell, turtle board, white fungus, etc. 2, prevent cold foot warmth: cold feet, affecting the internal organs, can lead to stomach pain, diarrhea, menstrual abdominal pain, menstrual disorders, impotence, lumbar leg pain, etc. Keep the waist and back warm: Warmth of the waist and back is good for promoting blood circulation in the waist and strengthening the kidney function. Diligently open the windows: cold weather also need to open the windows regularly to keep a certain amount of fresh air indoors. Couple ℃ is the most ideal temperature indoors. Indoor humidity should be between 30% and 70%. Do not hold urine at night for a long time, it will make toxic substances accumulate and cause cystitis, urethritis, etc. 3, from the diet, how to pay attention to the maintenance of this stage, to recommend to the audience a few health dishes? The principle of dietary health care method is to eat more warm, meat and vegetables. (1) food should be warm winter, is a good time to eat lamb, chicken and other warm products, especially for people who are on the Yang deficiency: on the Yin deficiency of food supplement to duck, goose meat is good. Do not eat sticky, hard, cold food. The winter drink hot porridge is also very suitable, such as lamb porridge, to warm the Yang Qi: cereal porridge, nourish the heart to remove annoyance; walnut porridge, nourish Yin and solid essence; sweet potato porridge, nourish the liver and kidneys; jujube porridge, can make people feel warm around the body, energy multiplied; yam porridge, after boiling rice, put 2 two yams, a dozen jujube, has the effect of nourishing the kidneys and replenishing blood. (2) food should be mixed that food should be diversified, coarse and refined, meat and vegetables eaten. In winter, people have a preference for high-protein, high-fat and high-sugar foods, not to eat or eat less coarse grains, vegetables, fruits and tendencies. This is not only easy to make people suffer from iron deficiency anemia, vitamin deficiency, constipation, stomatitis, gum bleeding and other diseases. (3) food should be bitter At this time the diet should be less salty and more bitter, bitter food can help the heart Yang, reduce excessive kidney water, play a nourishing effect on the kidneys. Recommended food therapy: angelica wolfberry stew lamb Ingredients: angelica 15 grams, cinnamon 10 grams, wolfberry 1 5 grams, lamb 500 grams. Method: mutton cut into pieces, plus ginger with boiling water slightly boiled, water bleaching and draining, add the drugs, soup, stewed in water, drink soup and eat meat. Functions: mutton is warm, contains protein, fat, sugar, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamins (A, B), etc., has the effect of tonic yin and yang, supplementing deficiency labor and benefit of qi and blood. Gui Yuan tonifies the heart and spleen, and can remove the stinkiness of mutton. Angelica nourishes the blood and invigorates blood stasis. Angelica wolfberry stewed lamb can nourish yin and strengthen yang, nourish the heart and spleen. 4, from the point of view of exercise, how to pay attention to this stage? (1) the time should be late morning exercise is best to wait until after sunrise, because the temperature rises after sunrise, the air pollutants have been reduced, and the role of sunbathing. (2) cold and warm exercise in the cold season must pay attention to cold and warm, so as not to get cold. (3) preparatory activities before exercise must be fully prepared activities. Because of the low temperature in winter, blood flow is slow, muscle, joint and ligament elasticity and flexibility is reduced, it is easy to occur sports injuries. (4) step by step Each exercise should be small to large, gradually increase the amount of exercise, do not suddenly carry out strenuous exercise to avoid accidents. (5) nasal inhalation mouth whistle exercise ventilation should be taken nasal inhalation mouth whistle inhalation, because the nasal inhalation of the air has a humidifying and warming effect; can also prevent dust and bacteria on the whistle was played a protective role. (6) supplemental nutrition winter sports consume more energy, should be properly supplemented with nutrition. (7) moderate exercise winter exercise is not too much, you can carry out a more appropriate amount of whole body exercise taijiquan, jogging, gymnastics, etc., to maintain adequate physical strength. (8) according to the time and appropriate winter exercise should be based on the weather conditions of the day to choose the exercise mode and location, to avoid the wind, snow, fog, cold exercise, the above weather should be exercised indoors.