Criteria for classification of systemic lupus erythematosus
1.Erythema of the cheek
Fixed erythema, flat or elevated, erythema in the prominent parts of both cheekbones.
2.Disciform erythema
Erythematous lamellar erythema raised above the skin, adhering to keratinous debris and hair follicle plugs; atrophic scarring may occur in old lesions.
3.Photosensitivity
Significant reaction to sunlight, causing rash, known from medical history or physician’s observation.
4.Mouth ulcers
Ulcers in the mouth or nasopharynx observed by a physician, usually painless.
5.Arthritis
Non-erosive arthritis involving 2 or more peripheral joints with pressure pain, swelling or fluid accumulation.
6.Plasmacytitis
Pleurisy or pericarditis.
7.Nephritic lesions
Urine protein >0.5g/24h or ++++, or tubular (erythrocyte, hemoglobin, granular or mixed tubular).
8.Neuropathy
Seizures or psychosis, except for drugs or known metabolic disorders.
9.Hematological disorders
Hemolytic anemia or leukopenia, or lymphopenia, or thrombocytopenia.
10. Immunologic abnormalities
Positive anti-dsDNA antibodies, or positive anti-Sm antibodies. or antiphospholipid antibodies (including anti-cardiolipin antibodies, or lupus anticoagulant, or false positive syphilis serologic test for at least 6 months with one of the three positives).
11. Antinuclear antibodies
Abnormal antinuclear antibodies at any time and in the absence of drug-induced “drug lupus”.
If four or more of the eleven diagnostic criteria are met, SLE can be diagnosed after excluding infections, tumors and other connective tissue diseases, and lupus nephritis can be diagnosed with the presence of renal lesions as described in Article 7.