Urinary urgency, frequency, painful urination and incomplete urination are more typical signs of urinary tract irritation, which may be caused by excessive drinking or may be due to disease. They are usually seen in urinary tract infections, but may also be caused by diseases of the genital tract, such as vaginitis in women or prostatitis in men. The location of the infection is different and the accompanying symptoms are not exactly the same. I. Urinary tract infection 1. Upper urinary tract infection: such as acute pyelonephritis, which is usually caused by bacterial infection. Since urine is formed and easily involves the bladder when it is discharged, symptoms such as frequency, urgency, painful urination and incomplete urination may occur in addition to fever, chills, lumbago and hematuria. 2. Lower urinary tract infection: generally includes cystitis and urethritis. The inflammatory response at the site of bacterial infection is heavier during acute attacks. May stimulate the urethra to produce urinary urgency, frequent urination, painful urination and incomplete urination, and may also be accompanied by symptoms of pus urine, hematuria or fever. The prostate gland is adjacent to the male urethra, and bacterial infection of the prostate gland generally leads to urinary irritation such as urinary urgency, frequency, painful urination, and incomplete urination, and may be accompanied by abnormal discharge, sexual dysfunction, and pain in the upper part of the perineum. Vaginal infections can easily lead to inflammatory stimulation of the urethra. In addition to the typical signs of urethral irritation, it may be accompanied by vaginal or vulvar itching, changes in the color and odor of vaginal discharge, and some patients may also experience painful intercourse.