Urethral syndrome refers to a group of symptoms of lower urinary tract irritation (including urinary frequency, urgency, dyspareunia, suprapubic discomfort, etc.) without organic lesions of the vesicourethra and significant urinary abnormalities, rather than a specific disease. It is now also called “urinary frequency and urgency syndrome”. It is a common urological condition with a high incidence, mostly in young and middle-aged women. The cause and mechanism of its pathogenesis are still unknown. It is currently thought to be related to increased central nervous sensitivity and hyperfunction, resulting in reduced bladder capacity and sensory hypersensitivity. To use an analogy, a normal person’s bladder is like a balloon with sensory function, and only when urine reaches a certain volume does it produce a strong urge to urinate, and that’s when people need to go to the toilet. If the bladder is allergic to sensation, as long as there is a little urine, the bladder with “sensing” function will send a strong signal to “urge” people to go to the toilet, which seriously affects people’s quality of life.