Emphysema is a common epidemic disease that can have a serious impact on our lives and work. Emphysema is a pathological condition in which the airways at the distal end of the terminal fine bronchi (respiratory fine bronchi, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs and alveoli) are hypoelastic, hyperinflated, inflated and have increased lung volume or are accompanied by destruction of the airway walls. According to its pathogenesis emphysema has the following types: senile emphysema, compensatory emphysema, interstitial emphysema, focal emphysema, paracentral emphysema, and obstructive emphysema. I. What are the symptoms of emphysema? The clinical manifestations of symptoms are mild depending on the degree of emphysema. In the early stage, there may be no symptoms or only shortness of breath during labor and exercise, and gradually it is difficult to perform the original work. As the emphysema progresses, the degree of dyspnea increases, so that shortness of breath is still felt even after a little activity or even at complete rest. In addition, they may also feel weak, lose weight, lose appetite, and feel full in the upper abdomen. The main cause of emphysema is chronic bronchitis, so in addition to shortness of breath, there are also symptoms such as cough and sputum, and in the early stage, there is only prolonged expiratory phase or no abnormalities. In typical emphysema, the anteroposterior diameter of the thorax is enlarged, barrel-shaped chest, respiratory movement is weakened, voice tremor is weakened, percussion is over clear, heart turbid boundary is narrowed, liver turbid boundary is shifted down, breath sounds are reduced, sometimes dry and wet rales can be heard, heart rate is increased, heart sounds are low and distant, and the second heart sound of pulmonary artery is hyperactive. What are the self-care methods for patients with emphysema? 1, the original disease caused by the disease, such as chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma and silicosis, to actively prevent and control. Therefore, the fundamental way to improve lung function is to pay attention to the usual recuperation and improve health and resistance, and to establish confidence in the cure, which is not an incurable disease. 2, according to the patient’s physical strength, can actively participate in some appropriate physical activities. Such as jogging is one of the most complete whole body coordination exercise, can increase lung capacity and endurance, jogging to maintain even breathing, can make enough oxygen into the body. Tai chi, soft exercises, walking, etc. can improve physical health, where patients who adhere to exercise for many years can maintain health better than those who rest more and move less. 3, emphysema patients are most afraid of the cold in winter, but also easy to catch a cold, each respiratory infection after the symptoms aggravated, lung function is also affected, cold exercise can improve the patient’s resistance. At the beginning of spring, first rub the exposed parts of the head, face and upper and lower limbs with both hands several times a day for several minutes each time, until the skin is slightly red, and then rub the whole body with a towel dipped in cold water and wrung out indoors in summer, 1-2 times a day. After autumn, change to cold water rubbing face. This can reduce the risk of colds and respiratory tract infections after cold exercise. 4, emphysema patients in the lung infection, must be bed rest, follow medical advice to actively anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic and asthma, and take medication on time. In principle, the main focus is on eliminating evil. After the infection is under control, we can gradually adjust the tonic. If the body is usually tired and weak, prone to colds and lung qi deficiency, we can use astragalus, ginseng, wind, atractylodes, etc. to benefit the lung qi. The above introduces the health care of emphysema patients in daily life for friends, and I hope it will help your health. To fight emphysema, the first thing is to quit smoking, pay attention to keep warm, avoid getting cold and prevent colds. You should also actively improve your living environment and personal hygiene to eliminate and avoid the effects of smoke, dust and irritating gases on your respiratory tract. We hope that everyone will have a good and healthy body.