Viral meningitis is a group of acute inflammatory diseases of the meninges caused by various viral infections, with fever, headache and signs of meningeal irritation as the main clinical manifestations. The disease is mostly a benign process.
Viral meningitis is caused by enteroviruses in 85%-95% of cases, followed by mumps virus, herpes simplex virus and adenovirus.
Clinical manifestations: The disease has a high incidence in summer and autumn and is common in children, but can also affect adults. The disease is mostly acute, with systemic symptoms of viral infection, such as fever, headache, photophobia, myalgia, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain and diarrhea, and general malaise, and may include meningeal irritation. The duration of the disease often exceeds one week in children and can last 2 weeks or longer in adults.
The cerebrospinal fluid pressure is normal or elevated, and the white blood cell count is normal or elevated, reaching (10-1000)*10/L. Polymorphonuclear cells predominate in the early stage, and lymphocytes predominate after 8-48 hours. Protein may be mildly elevated, and sugar and chloride levels are normal.
Diagnosis: The diagnosis of this disease is mainly based on the acute onset of systemic infection, signs of meningeal irritation, mild to moderate increase in cerebrospinal fluid lymphocyte count, except for other diseases, etc. Confirmation of the diagnosis requires cerebrospinal fluid pathogenesis.
Treatment: This disease is a self-limiting disease, mainly symptomatic treatment, supportive treatment and prevention of complications treatment.