Hernia is the deviation of an organ or tissue from its normal anatomical position in the body, causing various clinical symptoms. Hernias in different parts of the body show different symptoms and treatment methods. I. Symptoms 1. Extra-abdominal hernia: common ones include hiatal hernia, straight hernia, umbilical hernia and femoral hernia, etc. Typical symptoms are that a protruding mass can be seen or felt on the body surface, some of which can be retracted by themselves when the position is changed, while others cannot recover by themselves and may be accompanied by pain, abdominal cramping sensation, intestinal spasm, nausea and vomiting, and cessation of defecation, etc. In hiatal hernia, the mass may descend to the scrotum, causing cramping and painful sensation in the scrotum; 2. Cerebral hernia: caused by elevated intracranial pressure, occupying lesions in the brain, etc. Symptoms such as severe head pain, nausea, jet vomiting, increased pupils, impaired consciousness and even respiratory arrest may occur, which are more dangerous and need to be corrected in time. Second, treatment 1, ventral hernia and femoral hernia: a part of children’s ventral hernia can heal spontaneously with age and can be treated conservatively. If hernias occur frequently or have more serious symptoms, surgery is needed to treat them, such as hernia repair, hernia patch repair and laparoscopic repair, and the spasm and pain caused by hernias need to be treated surgically to cure them, such as tension-free repair and laparoscopic femoral hernia repair. Corticosteroids such as glucocorticoids, hypertonic saline, etc.; surgical treatment includes debridement decompression and other methods, and active treatment of the primary disease is also required. In addition, there are esophageal hiatal hernia, surgical and trauma-induced wound hernias, etc., which require measures to reduce intra-abdominal pressure and relief through medical treatment, and if medical treatment is ineffective, surgical treatment is feasible.