Treatment If an inguinal hernia is not treated in a timely manner, the hernia mass may gradually increase in size. Eventually, damage to the abdominal wall will increase and affect the workforce, and hernias can often become entrapped or strangulated, threatening the patient’s life. Therefore, except for a few special cases, inguinal hernias should generally be treated surgically as early as possible. Non-surgical treatment Infants and children under one year of age can be suspended from surgery. Because the abdominal muscles of infants and young children can gradually grow stronger with the growth of the body, the hernia may disappear on its own. A cotton girdle or bandage can be used to compress the deep ring of the inguinal canal to prevent the hernia from protruding and to give the developing abdominal muscle a chance to strengthen the abdominal wall. The soft pressure pad at one end of the medical hernia belt can be held against the hernia ring after the hernia contents are retracted to stop the hernia mass from protruding. Long-term use of the hernia belt can make the hernia sac neck often rubbed and become thick and tough, which increases the incidence of hernia impaction and may promote adhesion of the hernia sac to the hernia contents. Surgical treatment The most effective treatment for inguinal hernia is surgical repair. In case of increased intra-abdominal pressure such as chronic cough, difficulty in urination, severe constipation, ascites, or combined with diabetes mellitus, it should be treated before surgery to avoid and reduce postoperative recurrence. The surgical methods can be categorized into the following three types. (1) Traditional hernia repair: the basic principle of surgery is high ligation of the hernia sac and strengthening or repair of the inguinal canal wall. (2) Tension-free hernioplasty: Traditional hernia repair has the disadvantages of high suture tension, postoperative tugging and pain at the surgical site. There are three types of tension-free hernia repair commonly used: ① Flat-slice tension-free hernia repair (Lichtenstein procedure). (2) Tension-free hernia repair with hernia ring filling (Rutkow procedure). ③ Giant prosthetic reinforccmerit of the visceral sac (GPRVS), also known as the Stoppa procedure, artificial polymer repair materials mainly have two categories, absorbable and non-absorbable, the former has two kinds of mesh, polyhydroxyacetic acid and polylactic acid hydroxyacetic acid, the latter has polypropylene, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene and The former has two types of mesh, polyhydroxyacetic acid and polylactic acid hydroxyacetic acid, and the latter has polypropylene, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene and polyester fiber mesh. Absorbable repair materials are only used in some special cases, such as abdominal wall defects with infection or contamination, because they are prone to re-formation of abdominal wall hernia at the repair site, and can temporarily restore the continuity of the abdominal wall without causing complications and help the patient to pass the dangerous period of the disease, and then use non-absorbable materials for the second-stage repair after the abdominal wall hernia is formed. (3) Transperitoneal hernia repair (1aparoscopic inguinal herniorrhaphy (LIHR)): there are four methods: ① transabdominal preperitoneal approach (TAPA); ② completely trans-tally ① transabdominal preperitoneal approach (TAPA); ② completely extraperitoneal approach (TEA); ③ intraperltoneal onlay mesh tech-nique (IPOM); ④ simple hernia ring suture method. The basic principle of the first three methods is to strengthen the abdominal wall defect with mesh from the posterior; the last method is to reduce the internal ring with staples or sutures and is only used for smaller hiatal hernias. Transcatheter hernia repair has the advantages of less trauma, less postoperative pain, faster recovery, lower recurrence rate, no local pulling sensation, and the ability to simultaneously examine bilateral inguinal and femoral hernias, with the possibility of detecting subclinical contralateral hernias and applying repair at the same time.