The current global prevalence of allergic rhinitis is 10-40% of the population, and in recent years there has been a yearly increase in this trend, which is related to the progress of industrialization and modern lifestyles. The World Health Organization estimates that in the 21st century, allergic diseases may become one of the most common human epidemics. Therefore, at the World Allergy Congress held in Germany in 2005, WHO officially proposed to designate July 8 each year as “World Allergy Day”, aiming to prevent allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis and asthma by increasing awareness of allergic diseases. “World Allergy Day”. Although allergic rhinitis is not a serious disease, its chronic process of recurrent attacks affects patients’ normal life, study and work efficiency for a long time, and causes a heavy financial burden. Many people think that allergic rhinitis is difficult to treat, is that really true? Jiao Jiao, a pretty and cute 6-year-old girl, was recently brought to our ENT clinic by her mother, who said, “Jiao Jiao has been sneezing and running her nose in the morning and sleeping with a stuffy nose at night, and it’s hard for her to breathe, and sometimes she has nosebleeds. She has been suffering from this symptom for more than three years, doctor, what is going on?” I examined Jiaojiao’s nasal cavity with a nasal speculum and found that her nasal cavity and mucosa of the inferior turbinate were pale and edematous, and the mucosa in front of the nasal septum was eroded bilaterally. I then told her mother, “She has a high probability of allergic rhinitis, let’s check the allergens first to see if she is allergic to anything.” After doing the allergen skin prick test, it was found that Jiaojiao was allergic to dust mites and cat hair. So I first advised her to avoid contact with allergens, reduce exposure to dust mites, use anti-mite bed covers if possible, wash and iron bedding frequently with hot water around 60 degrees Celsius, wash and replace carpets and curtains from time to time, vacuum more often, avoid placing plush items such as fur dolls, keep the house and room air circulating and dry, avoid keeping pet cats and reduce contact with them. In clinical practice, we often encounter allergies to other airborne substances, such as cockroaches, which need to be eliminated, and frequent indoor cleaning to remove this pathogen from the environment and avoid eating food contaminated by cockroaches. If you are allergic to pollen, you should stay indoors during the pollen season, close doors and windows to reduce the entry of outdoor allergenic pollen, and stay out of the wilderness or parks as much as possible. If you are allergic to fungi, you should keep your house dry, clean, well ventilated and well lit, do not use carpets, do not store miscellaneous objects in your bedroom and do not keep flowers. Do not keep pets such as birds, cats and dogs at home. However, Jiaojiao is allergic to dust mites, and it is difficult to completely eliminate dust mites under the current conditions. Desensitization is the only “allopathic” treatment recommended by the World Health Organization that can affect the underlying mechanisms of allergic diseases. By identifying the allergen of the patient, the allergen is prepared in different concentrations in increasing doses to increase the tolerance of the allergen and stimulate the body to produce specific antibodies to control or reduce the symptoms of allergy. Allergen-specific immunotherapy was defined as the gradual increase of allergen vaccine doses in allergic individuals to ameliorate symptoms caused by subsequent exposure of the patient to the allergen in question. And after summarizing a large number of previous basic and clinical studies, the efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy for allergic diseases was fully confirmed: i.e., long-term symptom reduction and medication reduction, long-term reduction of airway hyperreactivity and delayed reactions, and prevention of new allergies and disease progression (e.g., rhinitis developing into asthma). In addition, early initiation of causative therapy not only improves the efficacy but also inhibits irreversible damage caused by the chronic process of inflammation. However, the treatment course is longer, about 3-5 years, and more expensive. If desensitization is not feasible in terms of time and finances, pharmacological treatment is an option. Corticosteroids and antihistamines are currently the first-line drugs for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Glucocorticosteroids have strong anti-inflammatory effects and can inhibit multiple aspects of the inflammatory response. They are currently the most effective drugs for treating AR, controlling nasal symptoms in most AR patients and providing some relief of ocular and bronchial symptoms, and performing the recommended dose of the drug to minimize the dosage with symptom control in mind. Our treatment guidelines recommend use for no less than one month, and pediatric patients should be monitored for growth. Antihistamines should be used for not less than 2 weeks, and decongestants such as nasal drip should not be used for a long period of time, but limited to one week, otherwise it will become a drug rhinitis. Many patients hope that surgical treatment can cure allergic rhinitis, which is only a good wish, surgery can not treat allergies, but certain patients can consider surgery if the following symptoms exist: nasal congestion patients by drug or immunotherapy does not work well, affecting the quality of life; nasal cavity has obvious anatomical variants, such as nasal septal deviation, accompanied by dysfunction; combined with chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps, drug treatment The effect is not good, but surgery in children should be cautious. In addition, patients with allergic rhinitis should try to avoid frequent visits to and from environments with wide temperature differences, maintain an optimistic and cheerful mood, have a regular diet, avoid smoking, alcohol, spicy foods, and eat more fruits and vegetables. Activate immune cells through proper exercise to enhance physical fitness and improve resistance to disease. After careful consideration, Jiaojiao’s mother chose desensitization treatment and wished Jiaojiao a smooth breathing soon!