The common diseases of anemia combined with thrombocytopenia are as follows: 1. Patients with cirrhosis may have anemia combined with thrombocytopenia if they bleed at the same time; 2. Hemolytic diseases, intravascular hemolysis, such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura; 3. Hemolytic anemia of microvascular disease, where patients may have fever and altered state of consciousness at the same time; 4. Extravascular hemolytic anemia, such as immune system diseases like lupus erythematosus, and Irving’s syndrome; 5. Nutritional anemia, such as megaloblastic anemia. Anemia leading to thrombocytopenia involves multiple organs and systems. If timely intervention and treatment are not provided, patients may have life-threatening conditions, so it is important to seek timely medical attention.