Early stage esophageal cancer (esophageal cancer) refers to esophageal cancer with lesions confined to the mucosa, without lymph node metastasis, and endoscopic manifestations such as congestion, erosion, plaque or papillary esophageal mucosa. Symptoms of early esophageal cancer patients are not obvious, and they may have occasional discomfort when swallowing hard and coarse food, such as burning, pins and needles or pulling and rubbing pain behind the sternum. Symptoms of early esophageal cancer may be mild or severe at times, and progress slowly or even asymptomatic. Early esophageal cancer is mainly treated by endoscopic therapy, including radiofrequency ablation, cryotherapy, endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal dissection. Patients without indication for endoscopic treatment can also be treated by surgical resection, supplemented by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Patients who are self-conscious of their discomfort should seek medical attention as early as possible to avoid delaying their condition.