Thousands of people around the world carry H. pylori bacteria. H. pylori colonizes the gastric mucosa. 60-80% of gastric ulcers and 70-90% of duodenal ulcers are associated with H. pylori. It is now believed that peptic ulcers are not caused by stress or acidic foods, but by H. pylori. Infection with H. pylori usually occurs in children, but may go a lifetime without any problems. Only 15-20% of carriers will develop symptoms associated with ulcers. Only carriers who develop ulcers need treatment. Treatment is important because ulcers tend to recur, and eradicating H. pylori prevents recurrence. Patients infected with H. pylori are more likely to get stomach cancer. Therefore, people with a family history of stomach cancer should be tested for H. pylori and treated accordingly. Signs and symptoms of peptic ulcer 1. Burning abdominal pain, which often occurs on an empty stomach and improves after eating or taking antacids. 2, vomiting blood. 3.Anemia caused by bleeding ulcers, followed by weakness. 4.Black stool: suggesting internal bleeding. Diagnosis 1, blood test: to see if there are antibodies to H. pylori. 2.Urea breath test: the complex produced by H. pylori when breaking down proteins can be detected during breath, by specially labeled carbon dioxide, thus confirming the presence of H. pylori. 3, Endoscopy: A sterilized tube with a light source at one end is used to examine the inside of the stomach and duodenum, which can be observed and biopsies can be obtained for the detection of H. pylori. 4, culture: biopsy tissue can be used to culture H. pylori to confirm the diagnosis.