With the improvement of people’s living standard in recent years, it is an indisputable fact that the incidence of coronary heart disease is increasing year by year. As a practical and effective therapeutic measure, coronary interventional therapy has also rapidly entered into various large and small hospitals, and the number of implanted cardiac stents has been rapidly rising every year. Whether or not it is possible to perform non-cardiac surgical procedures after cardiac stent implantation, when surgery can be performed, and what are the risks of performing surgical procedures? These are urgent questions that need to be addressed. Recently, Dr. Mary T. Hawn of the University of Alabama and her colleagues conducted a study on this issue. They retrospectively analyzed the patients who underwent stent implantation at the VA Medical Center from October 1999 to September 2009, and the number of patients who underwent non-cardiac surgeries within 24 months after cardiac stent implantation was 20,590, and 41,180 who underwent non-cardiac surgeries were selected at a ratio of 1:2. A case-control study was conducted in 41,180 patients who did not undergo surgical procedures at a ratio of 1:2. The results of the study, published in the prestigious cardiovascular journal JACC, found that investigating patients who underwent noncardiac surgery six months after coronary stent implantation significantly reduced the risk of myocardial infarction and coronary revascularization compared with noncardiac surgery within six months. Most of the stents implanted in this study were first-generation drug-eluting stents, with 58.4% rapamycin-eluting stents and 42.9% paclitaxel stents in the noncardiac surgery group, compared with 55.9% and 44.8%, respectively, in the no-surgery group. Non-cardiac surgical procedures performed included: skin surgery (17.2%) genitourinary surgery (16.5%) ophthalmologic surgery (16.4%) musculoskeletal (15.3%) digestive (12.2%) vascular (9.6%) neurologic (6.0%) respiratory (5.4%) other (1.4%) Risk of non-cardiac surgical procedures early in life, at 6 months was greater in both groups. Greater Comparison of the two groups showed a higher incidence of composite cardiac endpoint events (acute myocardial infarction and/or revascularization) and higher rates of myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality in the noncardiac surgery group at 30-day follow-up. However, revascularization rates did not differ between the two groups. In terms of short-term trends, the highest rate of risk of cardiovascular events in the group that underwent noncardiac surgery compared with the group that did not undergo surgery was in the first 6 weeks after stent implantation, and the difference between the two groups became smaller with increasing distance from cardiac stent implantation. There was no significant difference in revascularization between the two groups when noncardiac surgery was performed at any time after stent implantation. A more in-depth analysis of stent-implanted patients showed that patients who were hospitalized and those who had drug-eluting stents rather than metallic stents underwent noncardiac surgery 6 months later with a smaller increase in the risk of cardiovascular events than those who underwent surgery within 6 months. Dr. Hawn and colleagues point out that “this phenomenon is due to the fact that it is often the characteristics of the patient’s own condition that dictate the choice of a metallic stent, and not necessarily just the antithrombotic properties of the stent.” The results of this study reaffirm that there is an increased risk of adverse events after coronary stenting followed by surgery, and that this risk is related to the interval between surgery and coronary stenting. Therefore, some experts believe that the focus on the optimal timing of surgery after coronary stenting should shift from the selection of the type of stent to a comprehensive evaluation of the patient’s cardiac and surgical risk factors. They also note that because antiplatelet therapy after coronary stenting, including duration or interruption of medication, was not examined in this study, it is not known whether antiplatelet therapy had an effect on the occurrence of adverse cardiac events during the study period. The risk of perioperative complications is greatest for surgical procedures performed within 6 weeks after coronary stenting, and this high-risk state continues until 6 months after coronary stenting. Regardless of when a coronary stent is implanted, it is preferable for patients to undergo surgery at a medical center that performs coronary interventions so that any periprocedural myocardial infarction or in-stent thrombosis can be managed promptly. Studies have also found that metallic stents may not be a good choice if a patient needs surgery soon after stent implantation. Coronary stenting must be done carefully to avoid the formation of marginal small clips or hematomas, to avoid complications such as poor stent expansion and stent migration, to thoroughly analyze the factors that may lead to unnecessary interruption of dual antiplatelet therapy, and to select the type of stent that has the advantage of minimizing in-stent thrombosis, all of which are important factors for the clinician to consider. The timing of surgical procedures should be well known to every physician in every medical center.