Gastric disease is a large range of common clinical gastric lesions such as gastric ulcer, gastritis, and gastric cancer. The etiologic factors include Helicobacter pylori infection, immune factors, and lifestyle factors. 1. Helicobacter pylori infection: it is the main causative factor of common gastric diseases. H. pylori produces metabolites, enzymes and cytotoxins, such as ammonia, which has a destructive effect on the gastric mucosa and changes the local acidity and alkalinity at the same time. 2. Immune factors: most commonly seen in type A atrophic gastritis, belonging to autoimmune gastritis. Antibodies to the gastric mucosal wall cells can be detected in the patient’s serum and enter the gastric mucosal cells, combining with the antigens in the gastric cells, leading to atrophy of the stomach or gastric sinus. 3. Life factors: long-term consumption of spirits, strong tea, coffee and other beverages, as well as eating too cold, too hot, too hard and rough food, will lead to gastric mucosal damage. In addition, long-term use of some drugs may also cause damage to the mucous membrane of the stomach, such as aspirin. When stomach discomfort occurs, it is recommended to consult a doctor in a timely manner, follow the doctor’s instructions for further examination, with the help of the doctor to clarify the cause, targeted treatment or therapy.