Dialysis patients with nephropathy mainly have hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, and they should pay attention to high-quality protein diet, control fluid intake, and limit sodium, potassium and phosphorus intake in diet.
1. High quality protein diet:
(1) For patients with nephropathy on peritoneal dialysis, due to the loss of large amounts of protein and other nutrients in the body, they should be supplemented through diet. The protein intake of patients is 1.2~1.3g/(kg.d), of which more than 50% is high quality protein, and the calorie intake is about 35kcal/(kg.d).
(2) Dietary considerations for patients with kidney disease on hemodialysis: calories, protein: energy supply for dialysis patients is generally 35kcal/(kg.d), of which carbohydrates account for 60%~65%, mainly polysaccharides, and fat accounts for 35%~40%. Protein intake is 1.2g/(kg.d) is appropriate.
2. Control fluid intake: between two hemodialysis, weight gain is not more than 5% or 1kg per day. daily water intake is usually calculated by adding 500ml of water to the previous day’s urine volume.
3. Limit the intake of sodium, potassium and phosphorus: give a low-salt diet, salt intake is generally controlled at 2~3g/d, salt intake should be <2g/d in case of severe hypertension, edema or water-sodium retention, and be careful to eat foods with high potassium content, such as mushrooms and oranges. Phosphorus intake should be controlled at 800~1000mg/d, avoid foods with high phosphorus content, such as nuts.
It is recommended that dialysis patients with nephropathy should consult the regular hospital in time and follow the doctor’s instructions for standardized diet.