A few days ago, I saw a weibo about Zhuang Zedong, in which it was said that Zhuang Zedong, a veteran of the ping pong world, was diagnosed with rectal cancer only after two years of treatment for hemorrhoids, which was already advanced (liver metastases). Today, the clinic director told us about an outpatient doctor who was thanked by his family because her relative came to Ning on a business trip for hemorrhoids, and the outpatient doctor found a rectal mass on finger examination, and the patient then went back to the local area and found liver metastases from rectal cancer, which had been treated by the local hospital for two years with hemorrhoids. There are too many examples like this, so why does it happen so frequently? There are more related scientific articles and even more academic articles. However, the two main characters in terms of misdiagnosis occurring are analyzed, one is the patient’s problem and the other is the doctor’s problem. Let’s start with the patient’s problem. First, the patient’s self-righteousness; in terms of whether to seek medical treatment, the patient is in the initiative position, many patients think they are hemorrhoids, anal fissures, their own treatment, just go to the pharmacy to buy some drugs to treat; or have hemorrhoids, anal fissures treatment experience, more likely to occur; there are patients to the doctor, open your mouth and say the old problem is committed, prescribe some drugs. Second, the patient unnecessary self-esteem; to the doctor to see the lower body, for many people still need courage, and celebrities, leaders; if you want to do the anal finger examination, you will also encounter a lot of reasons to refuse; ladies meet male doctors, there will be a lot of refusal psychology. Besides, the problem of doctors. First, the concept of rectal cancer is not clear, not high vigilance, easy to be guided by habitual thinking, according to the common diseases, especially when encountering self-righteous patients is more likely to happen. The second is the fear of trouble to neglect finger examination, which will also be explained by many objective factors, such as inappropriate venue and unprepared tools, and the essence is still the continuation of unclear concept. In fact, about 75% or more of rectal cancer patients can find lesions through simple rectal finger examination only, and 80% of rectal cancer have been diagnosed as hemorrhoids. What should be done if there is no abnormal finding by rectal finger examination? Sigmoidoscopy or fiberoptic colonoscopy should be routinely performed. Endoscopy can observe the lesion under direct vision and take a biopsy for pathological diagnosis. Fiberoptic colonoscopy is the most effective, safe and reliable examination method for the diagnosis of lesions in the large intestine, and most of the early colorectal cancers can be detected by endoscopy. Rectal cancer refers to malignant tumors occurring in the rectum within 375px from the anus. In the early stage, patients often feel anal discomfort and downward movement, have more frequent stools, often with bright red blood and mucus, and the stools gradually become thinner, flat or grooved. In late stage, rectal cancer can invade the surrounding organs, causing severe pain, frequent urination and hematuria, etc. The early stage of rectal cancer is often similar to hemorrhoids, which sometimes leads to misdiagnosis of rectal cancer and delays the time of treatment, and should be given full attention!