Hydrocephalus caused by hyperthyroidism needs to be eliminated by treating the hyperthyroidism, which usually improves when the hyperthyroidism is under control.
Hyperthyroidism may present with eye symptoms, which are categorized into two types, one is non-infiltrative (simple) proptosis, the etiology of which is related to increased sympathetic excitability due to thyrotoxicosis, with mild protrusion of the eyeballs, and ocular signs such as widening of the eye fissure and decreased transient eye movements;
The other type is infiltrative proptosis, i.e. Graves’ ophthalmopathy, the etiology of which is related to the inflammatory reaction of the retro-orbital tissues. The eye may have symptoms such as foreign body sensation, distension, photophobia, tearing, diplopia, decreased visual acuity, etc. On examination, eyelid swelling, conjunctival congestion and edema, and limitation of eye movement can be seen.
1. General treatment: hyperthyroidism should be actively controlled, and the patient’s thyroid function should be maintained as normal as possible so that the TRAb level can be decreased. Patients with hyperthyroidism who smoke should be instructed to quit smoking.
2. Mild infiltrative synostosis: this type of patients is mainly to control the risk factors and local treatment. Treatment measures include: wearing tinted glasses to reduce photophobia and shyness, using preservative-free artificial tears during the day and lubricating eye ointment at night;
3. Moderate and severe infiltrative proptosis: first-line treatment is high-dose intravenous glucocorticoid therapy, and second-line treatment can be chosen if the effect is not satisfactory, including repeated shocks or other immunosuppressants, local orbital irradiation or local hormone injection therapy.
It is recommended that patients with hyperthyroidism go to regular hospitals in time when eye edema occurs, improve relevant examinations under the guidance of the doctor and standardize the treatment, so as not to delay the condition or lead to adverse reactions.