According to archaeological findings, cranial repair surgery was already in use 7 to 8 thousand years ago, only that it was still relatively simple and crude back then. It can be said that cranial repair has developed along with human civilization all the way to the present. For thousands of years, cranial repair surgery has not only undergone continuous improvement in technology, but also continuous innovation in repair materials. What materials are used for skull repair surgery? From ancient times to the present, there are many materials used for cranial repair, which can be roughly divided into three stages. The repair materials used in the first stage are mainly flannel and animal bone, which gradually withdrew from the historical stage with the change of time and the emergence of new materials. The repair materials used in the second stage were plexiglass and bone cement, which were also eliminated due to various problems. The third stage of clinical use of repair materials is titanium mesh and peek, both of which are currently used more frequently in clinical practice, but peek is superior in terms of its performance. Peek material is an inert material that is resistant to high temperature and corrosion, unlike the previous titanium mesh covered surgery, it is embedded in the body when placed, and peek material is used in 3D printing technology. This makes the inserted material look not much different from the autologous cranium, and the surface is smooth and flat, which is very cosmetic. In addition, the peek material is extremely hard and resistant to blows, and the radiation is permeable, so the patient will not have metal artifacts during the examination and can be assured of a good post-operative examination to ensure a better recovery.