Exercise care for patients with cerebral infarction

  Cerebral infarction has a slow recovery and leaves different degrees of motor dysfunction, which seriously affects the work and living ability of patients and increases the burden of family and society, therefore, early limb function rehabilitation of cerebral infarction has important clinical significance.  1.Passive activities From the day of onset, patients who cannot move actively in bed should do passive activities of limb joints, twice a day, and the limbs should be relaxed so that the joints can move fully, starting from the large joints first, then sequentially to the small joints, doing more shoulder abduction, external rotation, forearm rotation, ankle dorsiflexion and finger joint extension activities, to prevent damage to the shoulder joint due to excessive activities, shoulder joint abduction and flexion should not Abduction and flexion of the shoulder joint should not exceed 900, which is 50% of the normal range of motion. If the patient has a painful expression, stop the activity.  2. Position change Help the patient to change position. The healthy side lying position, the affected side lying position should keep the upper limb shoulder forward, elbow straight, not dropping the wrist. Lower limb hip forward, when bending the knee, keep the foot and calf vertical to prevent the affected shoulder and leg from being pressed under the body. When lying on your back, support the affected shoulder with a pillow cushion, put a pillow cushion under the hip and thigh, so that the affected shoulder is forward, abducted and externally rotated, and the hip joint is inwardly rotated, place a pallet behind the foot to prevent the foot from sagging and maintain a good posture.  3.Sitting balance training Sitting training can be carried out 5 days after cerebrovascular disease, first take 30-400 position, increase 100 every 2-3 days, last 5-10min per day, reach the ability to maintain 900, last 30min and then can train sitting endurance, light patients can be exempted from endurance training, before and after training, pay attention to observe the patient’s reaction, pulse measurement, observe blood pressure if necessary, prevent accidents, training half When sitting, it is advisable to protect the upper limb from being partially dislocated by the shoulder joint at the same time, hang the forearm of the affected limb by a triangular scarf on the neck, and when sitting, place both upper limbs on the platform or moving table in front of the bed, and then enter the sitting balance training later, that is, push the patient alternately from both sides or front and back after sitting, train to adjust the balance and not to fall down, and then have the ability of trunk balance.  4.Walking and stair training The patient’s lower extremity function recovers earlier than the upper extremity, and the standing and walking training starts in 2 to 3 weeks. Initially, the patient should be assisted by two people, walking while giving walking orders to the patient, walking a few steps, resting for a while, making the patient raise his head and eyes forward when walking, lifting the heel of the back foot when stepping, helping the patient out of the room, gradually transitioning to slow walking, ready for the next step of functional training. Stair training is carried out by the one-layer-one-foot method, i.e., both feet are not supported on the same stair at the same time.