Muscle twitches, also known as muscle spasms or cramps, are tonic contractions of muscles that occur spontaneously, and the attacks are usually accompanied by varying degrees of pain. Muscle twitches can be seen in any age group, and the twitches mostly occur in the muscle tissue of the lower legs and feet, with episodes lasting from a few seconds to several minutes. Muscle twitches are related to multiple factors, such as overexertion, poor sleeping posture and cold stimulation, etc. In addition, some disease factors can also cause muscle twitches, which need to be considered comprehensively when dealing with them. 1, non-disease factors: 1, overwork: if there is too long exercise, insufficient rest or sleep, it is easy to lead to the accumulation of local acidic metabolites, and then cause spasms; 2, poor sleeping posture: in the process of sleep, the human body’s mobility is generally reduced, if a long time supine, prone or calf muscle tissue by the object pressure may make the muscle in a long-term absolute relaxation, so that Passive spasm” occurs; 3, cold stimulation: in the cold environmental stimulation, muscle excitability will be relatively high and occur tonic contraction. This is often seen in cold water stimulation, outdoor activities in winter and uncovered at night. The typical performance of epilepsy patients is muscle twitching and tremors. Patients need to take anti-epileptic drugs such as sodium valproate, phenytoin sodium, carbamazepine for treatment; 2. Infectious diseases: under the influence of infectious diseases such as rabies, tetanus, meningitis, etc., some patients may have muscle twitching. Treatment is needed for different diseases to relieve convulsions, such as rabies, tetanus requires vaccination, meningitis patients need to take the appropriate antibiotics for treatment; 3, muscle diseases: myositis, metabolic myopathy, myasthenia gravis syndrome, rigid man syndrome, etc. can appear similar symptoms. These diseases usually require a three-way combination of medication, physical therapy, and rehabilitation training to restore muscle function to normal levels. In addition to the above-mentioned causes, muscle strains, hypocalcemia, Parkinson’s syndrome and other conditions can also cause muscle twitching phenomenon. Therefore, in order to clarify which kind of muscle twitches are caused by these conditions, it is necessary to consult a doctor and make a decision based on clinical examination results.