Growth and development are continuous and stage-specific processes, and growth and development continue throughout childhood, but there are certain characteristics of growth and development at each age, and the growth rate varies at different ages. For example, weight and length increase rapidly in the first year after birth, especially in the first three months, and the first year is the first growth peak after birth, infants raise their heads at 3-4 months, sit alone at 6-7 months, turn over at 7-8 months, crawl at 8-9 months, and stand alone at 10-11 months; growth slows down after the second year, and then accelerates to puberty, walking alone at 12-18 months, jumping bipedally at 24 months, and The second growth spurt occurs; the age range of puberty is generally from 10 to 20 years old, and the age of onset and end of puberty for girls is about 2 years earlier than that for boys. The age of onset and end of puberty varies widely among individuals and can vary by 2-4 years. The physical growth of children accelerates again during this period, with a second peak, and the development of the reproductive system also accelerates and matures.
Individual differences in growth and development Although the growth and development of children develop according to certain general rules, there are considerable individual differences within a certain range due to the influence of genetics and environment, and the growth “track” of each person will not be exactly the same.
1. Growth and development is a continuous process, but its development speed varies from age to age, such as physical, infancy is the first growth peak, and then slow down, puberty appears the second growth peak, in general, the younger the age, the faster the growth rate of physical.
2. growth and development is the process of morphological growth and functional maturity, is the quantitative and qualitative exhibition, the two are interlinked. Generally follow the law from top to bottom, from near to far, from coarse to fine, from low to high level, from simple to complex.
3. The developmental speed of each system is unbalanced, with different developmental speed and sequence. For example, the development of the nervous system is fast and then slow, and the development of the reproductive system is slow and then fast.
4. Although there is a certain pattern of growth and development, there are individual differences, and there are considerable individual differences due to a number of factors, such as genetics, gender, environment, upbringing, etc. Individual differences are generally significant with age. Although there is a certain range of growth and development level of children, the so-called normal value is not absolute, and different factors affecting individuals must be taken into account to make a correct judgment. The evaluation must take into account the different factors affecting the individual in order to make a correct judgment.