Perianal abscess refers to an acute purulent infection in the perianal space of the rectum, and the clinical symptoms are mainly a feeling of anal swelling and a palpable fluctuating mass around the anus, and can be accompanied by systemic infection symptoms. The main reasons for the recurrence of perianal abscess are: firstly, the location of perianal abscess is high, and the local pus cavity is not completely closed after incision and drainage surgery, resulting in recurrence after surgery. Secondly, there is a mistake in the choice of treatment after suffering from perianal abscess, and the choice of drug conservative treatment for abscesses with light symptoms and small scope of infection leads to recurrence of abscesses. Third, the formation of anal fistula after incision and drainage of perianal abscess, with the outer mouth closed and the inner mouth open, causing persistent infection of perianal tissue leading to recurrent perianal abscess. Fourth, suffering from a variety of basic diseases and low immunity, such as diabetes and nephrotic syndrome. When suffering from perianal abscess, you should go to the regular hospital for anal surgery or general surgery to choose the most suitable treatment plan, clear the wound thoroughly and avoid recurrent attacks after surgery.