How is fibromyalgia syndrome diagnosed and treated?

  Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) FMS is not uncommon, but is usually overlooked. The main manifestations are diffuse pain, stiffness, weakness, lack of sleep, and many specific pressure points. It can coexist with many other rheumatic diseases.  The main symptoms are pain and stiffness all over the body, mainly in the scapular and pelvic girdle muscles; 3. headache, abnormal sensation, swollen hands, significant weakness and sleep deprivation, etc.; 5. Special pressure points include: suboccipital muscle attachment, anterior part of the cervical 5-7 transverse process gap, midpoint of the lateral border of the trapezius muscle, midpoint of the scapular ridge, 2nd rib cartilage union, 2 cm distal to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, upper hip quadrant, posterior part of the greater trochanter, and proximal medial fat pad of the knee, totaling 9 pairs; 6. Laboratory tests such as ESR, CRP, RF, blood tests, etc. CRP, RF, and blood tests were normal; 7. It can coexist with other rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and Lyme disease.  Diagnosis: Referring to the 1990 ACR criteria: 1. History of widespread pain for at least 3 months, defined as: simultaneous left-sided pain, right-sided pain, pain above the waist, pain below the waist, plus medial skeletal pain in the trunk.  2. At least 11 positive pressure points among 18 special points by acupressure; clinical features are seen at each pressure site (5); acupressure force should be close to 4 kg. FMS can be diagnosed by meeting the above 2 points, and the presence of other rheumatic diseases does not exclude the existence of this disease.  Second, treatment: 1, disease education: let patients know that the disease is not a psychological abnormality, the disease does not cause deformity, no threat to life; 2, amitriptyline (antidepressants), cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride (muscle relaxant) and triazolam, given at bedtime helps improve sleep and effectively treat FMS, but can cause anticholinergic side effects. In contrast, tricyclic antidepressants have few side effects, are well tolerated, and are more effective when given 2 hours before bedtime; 3. NSAIDs given alone are not effective unless they are used to treat their underlying disease; 4. Other treatments: psychological counseling, biofeedback, pain point closure or corticosteroid injection and exercise therapy, etc.