After microwave ablation of breast fibroadenomas there may be swelling and pain, redness and swelling of the skin, liquefaction of the fat, harder nodules for a longer period of time, and incomplete ablation may also be present. Microwave ablation is a type of thermal ablation and is currently used to treat benign breast nodules. Microwave ablation is the use of electromagnetic waves to make the local charged particles vibration, friction and heat generation, the local tissue temperature rises and coagulation, necrosis. After ablation, the necrotic tissue is divided into carbonized area, necrotic area and inflammatory reaction area from inside to outside. The necrotic tissue has no channel to be discharged and needs to be gradually absorbed by the surrounding tissues, therefore, there may be a hard nodule slightly smaller than the original lesion for several months after ablation. Peripheral inflammation and edema reaction may lead to localized swelling, redness, and fat liquefaction. In addition, microwave ablation is safer than surgical removal of fibroids; however, compared with radiofrequency ablation and laser ablation, the ablation energy is higher, the range is larger, the safety is slightly lower, the operator’s skill requirements are higher, and there are more likely to be complications such as incomplete ablation and burns to the skin. It is recommended that patients should consult the doctor in time and choose the appropriate treatment method after fully understanding the advantages and disadvantages of various treatment modalities.