Lumbar disc herniation is the most common disease causing low back and leg pain. The basic factor that constitutes disc herniation is disc degeneration, but the predisposing factors that lead to disc herniation are mainly related to the following 1, spinal deformity or change in the physiological curvature of the spine. Spinal deformity or asymmetrical migrated vertebrae, scoliosis or deformed lumbar vertebrae are predisposing factors for lumbar disc herniation. Changes in the physiological curvature of the spine predispose to disc degeneration. Scoliosis causes the annulus fibrosus to undergo greater stress on the convex side of the spine, accelerating degeneration. In addition, there is unilateral sacralization of the lumbar spine, when the occurrence of lumbar disc protrusion can often be multiple protrusion. 2, excessive load engaged in heavy physical labor and weightlifting often due to excessive load caused by early degeneration of the intervertebral disc. When excessive lumbar load, such as long-term engaged in bending workers, easy to make the fiber ring rupture in the early stage. 3, lumbar puncture The reason is that during the lumbar puncture, the puncture needle penetrates the fibrous ring and the nucleus pulposus leaks out from the eye of the needle. However, in recent years, most scholars hold different views on this. 4.Acute injury Trauma is the cause of disc herniation. The original lesion lies in the painless nucleus pulposus protruding into the inner fibrous ring, and the trauma makes the nucleus pulposus protrude further into the outer 5 layers of fibers with innervation causing pain. 5, long-term vibration Long-term in the seat and bumpy state, the lumbar intervertebral disc under greater pressure. Long-term repeated intervertebral disc high pressure, accelerate the disc degeneration or protrusion. At the same time vibration also affects the nutrition of the intervertebral disc. 6, age The incidence of disc herniation is highest in middle age. 7, height The incidence of lumbar disc herniation is high when the average height of men and women exceeds normal and when the lumbar spine index is large. 8, race The incidence of Indians, Eskimos and black Africans is significantly lower than that of other ethnic groups. 9. Genetic factors 10. Pregnancy The entire ligament system is in a state of laxity during pregnancy. The posterior longitudinal ligaments are degenerated on the basis of the original disc bulge. 11, smoking The nutrition of the intervertebral disc depends on the peri-discal vessels. As smoking affects the solute transport rate, nutrients can not enter the disc, metabolic substances can not be discharged. In the long run, the intervertebral disc nutrient deficiency, cellular malfunction, the degradation of enzymes to promote the degeneration of the intervertebral disc. 12, diabetes often leads to increased arteriosclerosis, which easily causes blood circulation disorders, reduces the metabolic requirements of the disc tissue and eventually causes rupture of the disc tissue. Treatment The choice of treatment for lumbar disc herniation depends on the different pathological stages and clinical manifestations of the disease, as well as the physical and psychological condition of the patient. The majority of lumbar disc herniations can be relieved or cured by non-surgical treatments. It may be said that non-operative therapy (also called conservative therapy) is the basic therapy for this disease. The current non-surgical treatments for lumbar disc herniation can be described as diverse, and the commonly used ones are introduced as follows: 1. bed rest Clinical practice has proven that bed rest can make the symptoms of lumbar pain significantly alleviate or gradually disappear. The lumbar intervertebral disc is highest in the seated position, middle in the standing position, and lowest in the horizontal lying position. The pressure of weight on the lumbar intervertebral disc can be removed in the recumbent position. Braking can release the muscle and ligament tension on the intervertebral disc caused by the extrusion, in a resting state is conducive to the nutrition of the disc, so that damage to the annulus fibrosus can be repaired; conducive to the peri-vertebral disc venous reflux, remove edema, accelerate the inflammation. Therefore, it can be said that bed rest is the basis of non-surgical treatment. 2.Traction therapy Its mechanism of action is mainly: (1) to reduce the pressure of the intervertebral disc, to promote the nucleus pulposus to varying degrees of retraction; (2) to promote the reduction of inflammation; (3) to release muscle spasm; (4) to release the load on the posterior joints of the lumbar spine. 3.Tui na therapy The role of massage in the treatment of lumbar pain is multifaceted. Its main function is to change the position relationship between the protruding nucleus pulposus and the compressed nerve root through the massage technique, so as to reduce or eliminate the compression of the nerve root by the protruding material and relieve the series of clinical symptoms and signs mainly manifested by lumbar pain, thus achieving the treatment purpose. 4.Acupuncture therapy Acupuncture has been used to treat pain for thousands of years. According to the theory of Chinese medicine, acupuncture has the effect of unblocking the meridians, promoting the flow of Qi and blood, dispersing wind and cold, and removing dampness. Modern medicine also confirms that acupuncture has obvious analgesic effects. 5, small needle knife therapy Small needle knife therapy has been used in clinical practice for forty years, and some scholars call it minimally invasive therapy. (1) soft tissue adhesions, contractures and scar tissues caused by trauma and pathological injury, which can be relieved by acupuncture; (2) soft tissue injury contractures, scars, inflammation and other compression, pulling, stimulation of nerves and blood vessels caused by symptoms, through acupuncture on the lesion of soft tissue cutting, unblocking, stripping, so that the nerve, vascular pressure can be released and achieve The treatment effect is achieved by cutting, unblocking and peeling the soft tissue of the lesion through acupuncture, so that the nerve and blood vessel can be released from the compression. According to the classification of Chinese medicine, lumbar protrusion can be divided into four types: (1) qi stagnation and blood stasis, (2) cold and dampness, (3) dampness and heat, and (4) liver and kidney deficiency. Different types of symptoms are treated with different prescriptions. 7.Nerve block therapy According to different conditions, different nerve block therapy can be chosen. Commonly used methods are: (1) epidural block therapy, (2) nerve root block therapy, (3) sacral block therapy, (4) local pain point block therapy.