Uneven thickening of the tail of the pancreas with segregation and mild enhancement may be a CT manifestation of pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma. Pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma are prevalent in women aged 40-60 years, and are more common in the tail of the pancreas. The tumors are often very large, with diameters of 2-30 cm, composed of a single capsule or several large capsules, and filled with mucus inside the capsule. Small tumors of 1-3cm in diameter are mostly benign, and malignant tumors of more than 5cm in diameter should be considered. Pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma are characterized by uneven thickness of the cyst wall on CT, and there is a linear philtrum segregation inside the cyst. In malignant cases, the cyst is thicker, and the cyst wall, segregation, and wall nodule enhancement can be seen on scanning. It is difficult to determine the benign or malignant nature of the tumor according to the imaging manifestations. Irregular thick walls and wall nodules protruding into the lumen suggest that malignancy is more likely. The presence of metastatic lesions is reliable evidence of malignancy. Uneven thickening of the tail of the pancreas with mild enhancement is an abnormal manifestation of the pancreas, which should be promptly consulted, and the diagnosis should be clarified after complete examination and appropriate treatment as prescribed by the doctor.