Non-tuberculous mycobacteria are positive and may cause disease. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria positive, means through the examination found that the body exists in addition to tuberculosis mycobacteria and leprosy mycobacteria, and non-tuberculous mycobacteria belongs to the conditionally pathogenic bacteria, is possible to cause the emergence of related diseases, only that its pathogenicity than tuberculosis mycobacteria is relatively lower. The invasion of nontuberculous mycobacteria may cause nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases, such as disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial disease, nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease, nontuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis, nontuberculous mycobacterial bone disease, and so on. Various pathologies caused by nontuberculous mycobacterial infections cannot be ignored in terms of the damage they cause to the health of the organism. Therefore, if an individual receives a positive result for nontuberculous mycobacteria through examination, he or she should be diagnosed clearly through further examination and receive standardized treatment in accordance with the doctor’s instructions.