Melasma is a stubborn skin disease, there are many treatment methods, but only a few of them are really effective, the white face is hung with two black spots similar to butterflies, think about it and you know how uncomfortable it is, so various treatments for melasma are popping up, some time ago the so-called C6 laser was advertised all over the place for the complete treatment of melasma, and it was really a fire for a while. Patients’ pigmentation lightened some, more did not change, a few pigmentation aggravated, it is said that more than 70% of the rebound and recurrence, a doctor involved in the treatment said, the resulting refunds and disputes are endless. Just when people are overwhelmed with melasma, a decades-old medicine for melasma quietly emerges, this medicine is —– torsemide, chemically named tranexamic acid. When it comes to tranexamic acid, some people may be a little impressed that this is not the ingredient in the whitening injection that Big S said? Indeed, the main ingredient of the Big S whitening shot is this tranexamic acid, also called tranexamic acid, in addition to glutathione, VitC, creatinine, etc. As for what role tranexamic acid plays in whitening injections, no one can say for sure, until the application of torsemide drew people’s attention. Torsemide is an old coagulant, mainly used for acute or chronic, limited or systemic primary hyperfibrinolysis due to various bleeding. It is a widely used hemostatic agent for secondary hyperfibrinolytic states due to disseminated intravascular coagulation. The first application of this drug for the treatment of melasma was in Japan, and tranexamic acid is available not only in clinical but also in whitening cosmetics. One of the possible mechanisms is that tranexamic acid (1,5-diaminocaproic acid) is structurally similar to the tyrosine part that participates in melanin metabolism and shares a carboxyl group, which can competitively inhibit tyrosinase and thus reduce the formation of melanin protein. The effect of low-dose long-term oral torsemide treatment for melasma is very positive, but there is no systematic report in China. The clinical research we have done shows that for fast treatment of melasma, whitening injections should be given first, and then oral torsemide should be taken, which is more effective and shorter than oral treatment alone. As for whitening injections, there are mixed reviews now, why are some effective and some not? Our experience is that the whitening injection is a cocktail therapy, which is designed by the doctor according to the individual design of different people, in addition to the above several drugs, there are other vitamins, which originated from the beauty shake will be t the C synergistic method, many ingredients of all the dregs of the way c drop injection, ^ blood circulation h, direct action on the human w. _ The initial purpose is to { reason w|, after anchoring u { the whole contain mace a brake taml exhibit the current popular whitening. The whitening injections on the market mostly contain ingredients such as high Laos paralysis S vitamins, y apricot and liver protection, @ some ingredients can accelerate the elimination of wU substances, blocking the zine admonition box weisan _ to the whole body whitening and anti-aging effect. In general, not only does it have the effect of lightening dark spots and improving pigmentation, it also has the effect of anti-aging and {reasoning body wC energy. One of the important ingredients in the whitening shot glutathione is an important antioxidant in the human body, it can remove the free radicals in the human body, clean and purify the environmental pollution in the human body, thus enhancing the physical and mental health of people. The aging rate of human is directly proportional to the concentration of glutathione inside cells, and the concentration of glutathione decreases when human becomes aging. There is a lot of glutathione in human red blood cells, which is important to protect the sulfhydryl groups of proteins on the red blood cell membrane in a reduced state to prevent hemolysis, and also to protect hemoglobin from oxidation by hydrogen peroxide and free radicals so that it continues to play a normal role in the ability to transport oxygen. Part of the hemoglobin in red blood cells is oxidized by oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide, in which divalent iron is oxidized to trivalent iron, so that hemoglobin is transformed into methemoglobin, thus losing the ability to carry oxygen. Reduced glutathione can both directly bind to oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide to produce water and oxidized glutathione and reduce methemoglobin to hemoglobin. Previously, glutathione was also used as an adjuvant for liver damage caused by cancer chemotherapy and alcoholism. The vitamin C in whitening injections is also an important antioxidant in the body. Since vitamin C can reversibly hydrogenate or dehydrogenate, vitamin C has an important role in many redox reactions in the body. For example, the active group of many enzymes is sulfhydryl (-SH), and vitamin C can maintain the activity of enzymes by keeping -SH in a reduced state; vitamin C can transform oxidized glutathione into reduced glutathione (GSH) and reduce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produced by the body’s metabolism; vitamin C can also protect Vitamin C can also protect vitamins A, E and some B vitamins from oxidation. Therefore, the use of glutathione in combination with vitamin C can improve its efficacy. Tranexamic acid (tranexamic acid) was previously used in medicine for the treatment of aneurysm subsarcoid hemorrhage, which is called hemorrhagic inflammation as a coagulant, and was accidentally found to have the side effect of whitening the skin during the treatment, so it was used in the medicinal prescription for liver spot treatment and melanin deposition. The whitening mechanism of tranexamic acid is to inhibit the activity of tyrosinase and melanocytes at the same time and quickly, and to prevent the production of melanin, and to block and eliminate the formation of melanin due to ultraviolet radiation. In the rapid whitening treatment, the main ingredient is transaminic acid, which has the whitening effect of reducing spots. Vitamin E is an indispensable antioxidant for human body, which has the functions of anti-aging, preventing lipofuscin deposition, promoting blood circulation of terminal blood vessels, regulating normal secretion of hormones, promoting oxygen utilization in the body, protecting skin and mucous membrane, etc., thus making the skin moist and healthy and full of youthful vitality. Many domestic whitening packages ignore the role of ginkgo, so the effect is not good, ginkgo extract is a compound preparation, ginkgo whitening effect has long been no secret, ginkgo whitening cosmetics abound, as for its principle is not clear.