In clinical practice, we often encounter patients in coma for various reasons. Faced with coma, many doctors and family members are at a loss as to what to do. Today, I will explain how to promote waking up and care for comatose patients. Here mainly popularize the matters that family members can do, and the part that doctors can operate needs to be studied by doctors in further training. 1. Acupuncture for waking up: implemented by acupuncturists 2. Transcranial magnetic stimulation for waking up: implemented by medical staff 3. Median nerve electrical stimulation for waking up: implemented by medical staff 4. According to the need for visual diversification, specially produced colorful and positive video programs can be used for visual stimulation, and plays and concert programs can also be played to promote the recovery of the central nervous system through a variety of visual stimulation. 6. Auditory stimulation: Because the brain has the ability to turn off regular sounds, auditory wake-up promotion therapy through music and TV keeps versatility in time and content. For example, for patients who liked Qin cadence before the disease, Qin cadence can be played during their treatment time. Patients who like music can likewise choose to play the music that the patient used to like, etc. In addition, instructing the patient’s family to talk with the patient about topics that interest him, such as: children, family matters, friends, etc., are common methods to accomplish auditory facilitation and stimulate memory. Familiar family members and friends of the patient repeatedly talk with the unconscious patient, which can significantly improve the degree of recovery of the patient’s hearing. But do a good job can have playing music that can induce the alpha wave of the brain, which is available in our center. 7. Taste stimulation: substances such as vinegar, lemon juice, mustard oil, soy sauce, red pepper and salt are used as taste stimulation therapeutic agents to improve patients’ neural reactivity and activate dormant brain cells through strong stimulation of the sense of taste. For patients with post-tracheotomy intubation, more volatile liquid stimulants, such as mustard oil, chili oil and vinegar, were used to avoid accidental events. Taste stimulation therapy is maintained 2-3 times a day. 8. Olfactory stimulation: Peppermint oil, mustard oil, garlic, strong perfume, etc. are applied as stimulating therapeutic agents. During the course of treatment, if the patient shows a change in expression or attempts to avoid, it indicates that stimulation has been obtained. Stimulation of the sense of smell is transmitted directly to the brain through the olfactory nerve, causing a brain stress response and stimulating the brain to repair damaged tissues. Olfactory stimulation treatment, kept 2-3 times a day, is performed simultaneously with taste stimulation treatment. Tactile stimulation: palm, foot, limb acupressure, through the soft, even, powerful, lasting, so as to play a “deep penetration” effect, so that patients through the experience of pushing, holding, pressing, point, pinch, massage, rubbing, patting and other manipulative treatment, foot massage, full-body acupressure, both sensory and tactile stimulation treatment. It can strengthen the conduction of peripheral nerves to the central nerve, stimulate the brain tissue to restore normal, and play a role in promoting awakening. If the above conservative methods of promoting awakening are not effective, spinal nerve electrical stimulation surgery can be performed. After the combined application of these techniques, the wake-up rate can be greatly improved. Routine care 1 Psychological comfort and health education guidance The medical and nursing staff publicize the new treatment and care methods of modern medicine for vegetative patients to relieve the psychological pressure of the family members, encourage them to establish confidence in overcoming the disease, and at the same time introduce the knowledge about the development and care of decubitus ulcers so that they can closely cooperate with the medical staff to do a good job in the patient’s life care and clinical observation. 2 Combination of dedicated nursing care and family care Set up a system under the exclusive control of a competent physician and the responsibility of a responsible nurse. Timely formulation of various nursing plans and comprehensive implementation of nursing measures, with family members mainly involved in life care. 3 Ward environment Place patients in spacious, bright, air-conditioned rooms so that the whole room is always warm in winter and cool in summer, with fresh air. 4 Bed and linen setting Place electronic self-control flushing mattress on the bed first, then lay large and horizontal sheets and sanitary urine pads, keep the bed linen clean and tidy and free of debris. 5 Do a good job of skin care and prevention of bedsores Both diligent observation, regular turning, massage, scrubbing, tidying and replacement. How to prevent decubitus ulcers 1. Perform skin care according to seasonal and temperature changes Pay attention to keeping warm, adjust the room temperature between 20-24°C, dry sweat on the body in time, and keep the skin dry. Soak your feet in warm water in the morning and evening to promote blood circulation in the lower limbs. Use warm water in bed 2 times a day, avoid using irritating cleansers, and wipe the body powder in the sweaty armpits and groin. Do not use the potty, use clean straw paper pads on the buttocks, observe frequently, remove promptly after defecation, and wash the skin around the anus immediately to keep the skin dry and clean. Urine will put the penis into a clean urinal, change it at any time, and keep the vulva from being wet with urine. 2．Turn over on time to avoid long-term pressure on local tissues Turning over on time and intermittently relieving local pressure is the key to preventing bedsores: establishing a turning card, turning over every 2 hours, and using an electronic self-control flushing mattress can play that role. 3. Avoid friction and shear forces on local tissues To prevent the patient’s body from sliding, elevate the head of the bed no more than 30° in the flat position, and place soft pads in the popliteal fossa and feet in the semi-recumbent position. When changing the patient’s clothes and sheets, lift the body and avoid dragging, pulling, pushing and other actions to avoid increasing friction that may lead to skin damage. 4. Massage the whole body skin and joint activities Massage the whole body skin of the patient, remember the rough action, should be gentle, to promote the blood circulation of the whole body surface; move the whole body joints, maintain the mobility and muscle tone of the joints, prevent contracture and ankylosis of the joints. 5. Strengthen nutrition and improve the resistance of the patient’s body The patient’s swallowing reflex disappears, so he cannot feed through the mouth and can only feed through the nose. We mix high-protein, high-calorie chicken, fish, meat and other foods into paste, plus fresh fruit juice and vegetable juice containing high vitamins, plus fresh milk and boiled water to make a liquid diet, and nasally feed 200-250ml every 4-5 hours to maintain the body’s positive nitrogen balance and good nutritional status.