In foreign countries, surgery is almost the only option to treat hernias. In China there are many other methods advertised. Many patients also take some non-surgical methods for hernia treatment. However, from the perspective of modern surgery, since a hernia is a weak, defective or broken hole in human tissue, hernia surgery must be done, and surgical way to do repair is the only effective method. What are the surgical ways to do hernia repair? 1. Tension repair or traditional surgery sews the edges of the broken tissue directly, or it can be understood that the upper layer of tissue of the broken tissue is sutured to try to cover the break. This type of repair is often referred to as tension repair or traditional surgery. Tension surgery is like sewing up a hole in a garment with thread. This simple suture creates tension in the suture and is prone to post-operative pain and recurrence. Domestic and international data show that the recurrence rate of tension surgery is over 10%. This type of surgery is more suitable for pediatric and younger patients; 2. Laparoscopic surgical approach (tension-free) in which the surgeon inserts different surgical instruments into the patient’s abdominal cavity and places a patch into the patient’s abdominal cavity or preperitoneal space with the help of a camcorder. The surgeon performs the surgery through imaging on a television screen. This type of surgery has good recent results, but requires a high level of skill, general anesthesia and is more expensive. This type of surgery is more suitable for patients with bilateral hernias and recurrent hernias; 3. Tension-free hernia repair or called tension-free hernoplasty. This method involves covering the hernia defect with a patch with a mesh that is very compatible with human tissue. The logic of this method is equivalent to using silk to patch a hole in a silk dress. This method has been rapidly adopted by physicians worldwide because of its low recurrence rate, few complications, the use of local anesthesia, the fact that the patient still needs to be hospitalized after surgery, the rapid postoperative recovery, and the low cost. What other conventional methods were used in the past to remove hernia surgery? 1.Binding method As infants and young children grow and develop, the abdominal wall tissue gradually strengthens and may allow some of the hernias to heal on their own. Therefore, inguinal hernias in infants and children under half a year of age can be treated by local strapping (or pediatric hernia belt). Strapping is a high ligation of the hernia sac. This surgical procedure is relatively painful for babies, very prone to local skin eczema and breakage, and may also affect activity and development, so it is not recommended for parents, and a high ligation of the hernia sac is currently recommended for pediatric patients; 2. Clinical observation is that adult hernias do not heal on their own, but this does not mean that all require surgery. In addition to local discomfort, the main danger of hernias is their complications that affect quality of life and ability to work, as well as fertility and sexual life, and more seriously, the risk of impaction. However, some types of hernias, such as the “large mouth and small body” hernia, often have no discomfort, few complications, and almost no impaction, so they can be operated on without haste, as long as they are regularly observed. Long-term use of hernia belt may gradually thicken the neck of hernia sac, which may cause adhesion of hernia contents to the hernia sac and increase the incidence of hernia intussusception, and increase the difficulty and risk of subsequent surgery, so it is not recommended to be used as a routine treatment. In fact, it is a local injection of sclerosing agent, chemical glue, biological glue and other substances, expecting to adhere to close the abdominal wall defect. After the injection, the local inflammation and scarring will increase the surgical difficulty and risk to the future surgery. Therefore, this method is no longer used in regular hospitals and should be discarded; hernia is never a simple minor problem, and the best treatment plan should be formulated according to the individual patient’s condition, while the surgical method should be standardized in order to bring the best results to the patient.