A hernia is a condition in which an organ or tissue of the body leaves its original normal anatomical site due to excessive force, etc. and enters another site through a congenital or acquired weak point, orifice, etc. It mostly occurs in the abdomen and is most commonly seen as an extra-abdominal hernia. A protruding mass may appear at the site of the hernia and may feel slightly swollen, and sometimes the mass can be retracted by itself. Depending on the site of hernia, different symptoms can be seen: 1. Inguinal hernia: It can be divided into hiatal and ventral hernia. Inguinal hernia can be seen as a protruding mass in the inguinal region, which is small at the beginning and may have a slight sensation of swelling, or may even fall into the scrotum, resulting in scrotal enlargement. The mass often appears when standing, walking, coughing, defecating or laboring. A swelling sensation of impact may occur when the hand is pressed on the mass and coughing is performed; a straight inguinal hernia may be palpated in the inguinal triangle when standing upright, mostly hemispherical, usually without other symptoms; some patients with hernias may have painful tissue impaction, and in severe cases, local intestinal strangulation and ischemic necrosis of the intestinal canal may occur, resulting in fever and nausea; 2. femoral hernia: a hemispherical protrusion may appear in the oval fossa under the inguinal ligament The symptoms are similar to those of inguinal hernia; 3. umbilical hernia: umbilical hernia in children is mostly due to weak umbilical tissues, which can increase intra-abdominal pressure when crying and protrude abdominal tissues outward through the umbilical ring, and the mass disappears when quiet; umbilical hernia in adults is mostly due to improper exertion that causes a mass to protrude from the umbilicus, which disappears when lying down and can be accompanied by symptoms of vague abdominal pain and discomfort; 4. other hernia: abdominal incisional hernia can often be found when standing or exerting force The swelling is obvious, and the mass can shrink or disappear when lying down. More serious incisional hernia can cause pulling of the abdomen and symptoms such as nausea and constipation; in addition, there is brain hernia, which is more dangerous and caused by increased intracranial pressure or intracranial occupancy, and symptoms such as severe pain in the brain, nausea, jet vomiting and pupil enlargement can occur, requiring emergency resuscitation.