Common symptoms of anorectal diseases include blood in stool, anal pain, itching, prolapse of anal opening, perianal mass, swelling, urgency, difficulty in defecation, diarrhea or stool secretion, mucus and blood stool, change of stool shape, nausea and vomiting, thick water around the anus, abdominal pain and abdominal mass, anemia, weakness, fever, chill, etc. Anal diseases such as anal fissure, anal fistula, perianal abscess, rectal polyp, rectal cancer, etc. have many similar symptoms, but they differ in form and nature, as well as in treatment principles and methods. The following are some common anorectal diseases: Anal fissure is a fissure or ulcer formed by the rupture of the migrating epithelium of the anal canal below the dentate line, which is the second most common anal disease after hemorrhoids. There are many causes of anal fissures, but most of them are related to recurrent perianal infections, ulcers and dry stools, anal pain during defecation and blood in the stool (not much blood in the stool). Anal fissures can be both single and multiple, with the former referring to only one fissure and the latter having more than two fissures. In the early stage, anal fissures are superficial epithelial ruptures, but in the late stage, deep anal canal ulcers are formed. At this time, the skin at the lower end of the fissure may form a small pocket-like skin bulge due to long-term chronic inflammatory stimulation, called a fissured hemorrhoid, formerly known as a “sentinel hemorrhoid”. The clinical manifestations are pain, blood in the stool, and constipation. The pain of anal fissures is characterized by a sharp, knife-like pain during defecation, which is relieved after defecation, but continues to be unbearably painful for several hours or even a day afterwards. Prolapse is the prolapse of the rectal mucosa outside the anus, the prolapsed part is in the shape of a ring, and when the internal hemorrhoid is prolapsed, the prolapsed material is often in one or more places, with the truncated position 3, 7, 11 points as the most. If the prolapse is not very serious, it is very difficult to distinguish it from internal hemorrhoid nucleus prolapse and external hemorrhoid mass, both of which are manifested as extra-anal masses. The hemorrhoid mass is formed by blood stasis, which can be eliminated through anti-inflammatory and blood circulation; prolapsed hemorrhoids are sent back to the prolapsed part, which can be reset on its own if it is not serious, but requires surgery if it is serious. Children generally rarely get hemorrhoids, if there is a post-poo anal swelling prolapse, should be considered a prolapse or rectal polyps. The most common cases of prolapse are children, the elderly, maternity, long-term diarrhea, chronic coughing, and excessive alcohol, because of the lack of real energy and deficiency of Qi in these people, or long-term increase in abdominal pressure. Anal fistula is the abbreviation of anorectal fistula, which is a fistula with one end opening in the rectal wall of the anal canal and the other end opening in the perianal skin and covered with granulation tissue. However, in clinical practice, the sinus tract associated with the anorectum is often included and is referred to as an incomplete or single-port fistula. An anal fistula is a sequela left after an anal gland infection forms a purulent abscess with abscess rupture or incision to drain the pus. The main manifestation of anal fistula is a sore on the skin around the anus that continuously flows pus and blood outward. It is formed due to inflammation of the rectum. The inflammation of the rectum is mostly caused by dry stools, anal fissures, and other infectious diseases. Anal fistulas are easier to distinguish from hemorrhoids. Rectal polyps are benign epithelial tumors formed by limited proliferation of rectal mucosa or submucosal glands, which can occur at any age and gender, either singly or multiply, and can occur anywhere in the intestine, but the rectum and sigmoid colon are the most common, with family history and unknown causes. It is thought to be related to inflammatory stimulation, genetic mutations, genetic factors, dietary factors, mechanical injury, and fecal irritation. The main symptoms are blood in the stool, prolapse and intestinal irritation, such as abdominal discomfort, abdominal pain, diarrhea, pus and mucus stool, urgency and heaviness, etc. Rectal finger examination and endoscopy can confirm the diagnosis. Rectal cancer mostly occurs in the elderly, mainly manifests as blood in the stool, diarrhea or constipation, change of stool shape, often with bowel frequency, shortness of breath and other intestinal irritation symptoms, the cause of which is unknown. Most of them are related to chronic inflammatory stimulation, benign tumor malignancy, and dietary factors. Rectal finger examination can reveal the mass, and pathological examination can confirm the diagnosis. Anal papilla hypertrophy is a hyperplasia of the anal papilla due to chronic inflammatory stimulation. Small ones are triangular or vertebral in shape, while large ones are nipple-shaped and can be prolapsed, with white skin on the surface, located at the dentate line, hard, small in shape, not bleeding, and without varicose veins. The lower gastrointestinal bleeding, inflammatory bleeding of the intestine is mostly pus and blood or mucus and blood mixed with stool, and sigmoidoscopy is required to confirm the diagnosis. In acute inflammation, there is burning and pain in the anus, with a sensation of falling, and the pain is aggravated during defecation, and in severe cases, even without defecation, there are often short bouts of stabbing pain, which can radiate to the buttocks and the back of the femur. In the chronic remission period, there are almost no obvious symptoms, and there is only a short period of slight pain in the anus after defecation. There is often a small amount of mucus in the stool or mucus often flows out before stool, sometimes in the form of blood. The cause of this disease is when the stool is dry or diarrhea, feces wear anal flap, by bacterial infection caused by anal sinusitis. It is treated well with Rongchang Anal Eczema. Anal eczema is an allergic, inflammatory perianal skin disease that is characterized by polymorphic damage, recurrent episodes, and easy evolution to chronicity. The symptoms are mainly paroxysmal intense itching in and around the anus; in addition, there is anal moist discomfort, pain, and other systemic symptoms, such as indigestion, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, etc. The pathogenic factors are chronic digestive diseases, mental tension, endocrine dysfunction, and stimulation by topical drugs and chemicals. Treatment should be to cure the original disease, improve and remove the triggering factors, keep the underwear clean and avoid scratching.