Laparoscopic minimally invasive treatment of rectal cancer has been widely used in clinical practice, but at present, an abdominal incision of about 8cm is still needed to remove the specimen during the operation, which leaves obvious scars on the abdomen despite the small trauma. In 2010, we performed the first minimally invasive rectal cancer surgery without an incision in the abdomen in Shanghai: laparoscopic resection of rectal cancer, removal of the specimen through TEM rectoscopy, and reconstruction of the digestive tract under laparoscopy. This surgery is characterized by the fact that the specimen is removed through the natural orifice of the anus, which is truly a minimally invasive incisionless radical rectal cancer surgery. This surgery not only cures the tumor, but also achieves an aesthetic abdomen without incision. More and more patients will benefit from the real minimally invasive and scarless radical tumor treatment.