1.What is the Parks procedure? Parks surgery is an anus-preserving surgery proposed by surgeon Parks in 1982. The main component of the procedure is to remove the rectal cancer through the abdominal cavity, free the left hemicocele sufficiently and then drag it out of the body through the anus, and perform colon-anal anastomosis. Since then, this procedure has been promoted by surgeons because it requires resection of the rectal mucosa 1 cm above the dentate line and preservation of 3 cm of the rectoanal canal in the narrow pelvic cavity. Therefore, open surgery is difficult; moreover, there are large abdominal incisions, more postoperative complications, and poor anal control of the bowel. However, laparoscopic Parks can make up for the shortcomings of open surgery. 2.What is laparoscopic parks surgery? It refers to the parks surgery using laparoscopic technology. The application of laparoscopy in rectal cancer surgery, especially super-low rectal cancer anal preservation surgery, is still one of the hot issues of great concern in the current development of colorectal surgery. Surgical methods: (1) abdominal group: laparoscopic access to the presacral space through the sacral scapular plane, upward along the Toldt space to complete the separation of the left hemicocele, and downward along the presacral space to complete the separation of rectal tumors by tunneling. (2) Perineal group: Circumferential dissection of the rectal mucosa, followed by dissection of the rectum to the internal and external anal sphincter at 2 cm from the lower edge of the tumor under direct vision. The colon is pulled out through the anal canal to the outside of the anus, and a colon-anal canal anastomosis is performed after removal of the tumor. The advantage of laparoscopic Parks surgery in low rectal cancer is that the dissection of the rectum can be carried out as far as possible to the level of the pelvic floor. It facilitates the freeing of the splenic flexure of the colon to reduce the abdominal incision; the protection of the pelvic autonomic nerves is facilitated by precise, minimally invasive and functional anatomical separation, and the patient’s anal sphincter control, urination and sexual function can be preserved to a considerable extent while ensuring radical treatment. These operations are quite difficult in the narrow pelvis for open surgery.