Red, swollen and painful toenails may be caused by trauma, onychomycosis or purulent dactylitis, etc. Depending on the situation, ice packs, nail pulling or surgery may be used for treatment. 1. Trauma: If the toe is injured due to an accident, it may lead to an increase in the permeability of the capillaries, resulting in redness, swelling and pain on the side of the toenail. You can use ice packs, which can make the local blood vessels contract and quickly relieve the swelling and pain symptoms. 2. Infertitis: usually due to the deformed growth of the toenail, piercing the flesh of the edge of the toenail, thus inducing infection, redness, swelling and pain. If the pain and swelling is serious, it is recommended to go to the hospital in time, make local incision and drainage, and give antibiotic treatment as prescribed by the doctor, and if necessary, there is also the removal of the whole nail, which is conducive to the wound cleaning as well as recovery. 3. Purulent dactylitis: usually caused by trauma, infection and other factors, resulting in the formation of pus cavities, resulting in redness and swelling next to the big toenail, and may also experience severe pain. The patient’s symptoms are more serious, the formation of obvious pus cavity, you can relieve the symptoms through surgical incision and drainage treatment, regularly go to the hospital to change the medicine, pay attention to keep the wound, local skin clean and sanitary. Appearance of redness, swelling and pain on the side of the toenail, it is recommended to consult a doctor in a timely manner, with the help of the doctor to clarify the cause of the disease, and to carry out targeted treatment or therapy.