Cranial repair is not only a protective layer for the soft tissues of the brain, but also an important guarantee for maintaining the aesthetics of the head. It is important to perform cranial repair as early as possible in the case of cranial defects. The material is the most important thing for skull repair surgery. With the advancement of medical science, more and more cranial repair materials are gradually becoming available for use. Plexiglass, light apatite and calcium phosphate cement, which were once used clinically, are gradually withdrawn from the medical arena due to their poor clinical results. The commonly used material for cranial repair today is titanium mesh, which is also a quality material with long-lasting application and good results. However, the metallic properties of titanium mesh often have consequences for patients such as sensitivity to cold and heat reactions and CT image errors. Thanks to the efforts of medical researchers, a new type of cranial repair material has been applied above the clinic, and that is PEEK material. The material is known as polyether ether ketone, a polymer biomaterial that is extremely close to human cranial bone in terms of elasticity, heat transfer, hardness, and stability, etc. The use of three-dimensional shaping of the PEEK bone plate can be completely compatible with the cranial structure, without worrying about precision and aesthetics. Numerous clinical cases have shown that there are no discomfort or complications associated with PEEK cranial repair materials, so PEEK is currently the better choice for cranial repair. In biocompatibility, PEEK far exceeds titanium mesh, with elastic modulus, strength, thermal insulation, and stability similar to autologous cranial bone, and the use of three-dimensional shaping to create an ancient plate that can precisely match the original cranial bone structure, which is the key to successful surgery. So we must understand clearly the choice of material for cranial repair, patients with cranial defects need to be determined according to the onset of the disease when cranial repair, and regular hospitals will provide correct advice and guidance on the cranial repair material for patients with the disease.