What is the current status of stroke in China: Stroke is the leading cause of severe disability worldwide. With the accelerating aging of our population, the risk of stroke to our nationals is also becoming more and more prominent. Therefore, stroke prevention and treatment has become an important task in health work and has attracted more and more attention from the domestic medical profession. According to the results of the Third National Sample Survey on Cause of Death in 2008, stroke has become the first cause of death in China. The mortality rate is 4-5 times higher than in Europe and the United States, 3.5 times higher than in Japan, and also higher than in developing countries such as Thailand and India. There are about 2 million new cases of stroke in China every year, and the rate is growing rapidly at 8.7% per year. Stroke can seriously threaten the lives of patients and damage their health. Stroke in China has the following significant features: First, the incidence is high. The incidence of stroke in China is significantly higher than the world average. Second, the disability rate is high. The National Sample Survey of People with Disabilities shows that physical disability caused by cerebrovascular disease is the first of all physical disabilities. Third, the mortality rate is high. The mortality rate of stroke in China is 4-5 times higher than that in Europe and the United States, and 3.5 times higher than that in Japan. Fourth, the recurrence rate is high. The World Health Organization study shows that the recurrence rate of stroke in Beijing is 27%, and our clinical data shows that about 40% of outpatients with stroke have more than two recurrences. Fifth, the economic burden is high. The direct inpatient medical costs for the treatment of cerebrovascular disease in hospitals above the county level in China are more than 10 billion RMB per year, and the indirect economic burden is more than 40 billion RMB per year. At present, there are a large number of people with high-risk factors for stroke in China. There are more than 200 million people with hypertension, nearly 100 million people with diabetes, at least 200 million people with dyslipidemia, 8 million people with atrial fibrillation, 350 million people who smoke, and 70 million people who are obese. The vast majority of these people have not been assessed for stroke risk. In addition, most of the major interventions for high-risk groups are not in place, for example, the effective control rate of hypertension is 37% in the United States, but only 8% in China; the rate of primary prevention of aspirin is 50% in the United States, but only 14% in China; carotid endarterectomy is done 120,000-150,000 cases in the United States every year, but only less than 1,000 cases in China in 2011. These data show that there is still a big gap between the level of stroke prevention and control in China and developed countries. This prevention and control situation needs to be improved urgently. Why does the incidence of stroke in China remain high? Misconceptions and unhealthy lifestyles are the main and most fundamental causes of this problem. There are many misconceptions in the lives of our residents, such as diet, exercise and hobbies. This is a risk factor common to many chronic non-communicable diseases. In addition, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia can trigger stroke, and these chronic non-communicable diseases are collectively known as lifestyle diseases. These chronic non-communicable diseases are collectively referred to as lifestyle diseases, which involve all aspects of daily life and have a significant impact on people’s health. At the same time, because of its prevalence and habitual nature, many people do not feel how important the impact of lifestyle on health is. Therefore, misconceptions and unhealthy lifestyles become “invisible killers”. Another misconception is the lack of a prevention-oriented approach to treatment. In fact, preventive surgery for stroke is much more effective than surgery after stroke onset, and the financial burden is significantly less. The common idea is to worry about the risks of surgery and wait until the patient’s medication does not work before reluctantly willing to undergo surgery. In fact, in today’s advanced modern medicine, this concept is backward. The main cause of this status quo is the lack of universal knowledge of modern medicine. At present, many large-scale studies around the world show that many cerebrovascular diseases are so serious that the efficacy of surgical preventive surgery is significantly better than the efficacy of drug treatment, which can significantly reduce the probability of postoperative stroke, and the medical cost is low, and can significantly extend the life expectancy and quality of life of patients.