Thyroid disorders are one of the most common diseases in pregnant women. Thyroid hormone plays an important role in the development of the embryo and plays a very important role in the neurodevelopment of the embryo. A deficiency of thyroid hormone will affect the growth and development of the fetus, especially the brain tissue, and may lead to fetal malformations. In the first half of pregnancy, the thyroid gland of the fetus is not developed and the thyroxine it needs comes mainly from the mother. Therefore, a normal level of thyroid hormones in the mother is the basis for the sound neurodevelopment of the fetus. Thyroid disorders during pregnancy include hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and thyroiditis during pregnancy. Thyroid disorders during pregnancy cause a significant increase in obstetric complications and reduce the level of mental development of the offspring. Aggressive treatment of thyroid disorders can effectively reduce obstetric complications and improve the mental development of the offspring.