Vancomycin as the last line of defense is due to its powerful antibacterial effect, but vancomycin also has more adverse reactions, it is recommended to follow the doctor’s advice. Vancomycin antibacterial mechanism is to inhibit the synthesis of bacterial plasma RNA, inhibit the synthesis of bacterial cell walls and destroy the permeability of bacterial cell membranes, applicable to multi-drug resistant bacteria or methicillin-resistant strains of infection, penicillin allergic infections, etc., is often used as the last line of defense against refractory infections in the clinic. However, vancomycin may cause adverse reactions such as dyspnea, hearing loss, hematuria, drowsiness, vomiting, hypotension and even shock during use. It is recommended to strictly follow the doctor’s instructions to regulate the use of the drug, the emergence of adverse reactions should be timely consultation, drug allergy is prohibited from use, should be avoided during pregnancy. Drugs need to be used under the guidance of a professional physician, do not self-medication.